F-Tile Architecture and PMA and FEC Direct PHY IP User Guide

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ID 683872
Date 11/04/2024
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Document Table of Contents
Document Table of Contents x
1. F-Tile Overview 2. F-Tile Architecture 3. Implementing the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP 4. Implementing the F-Tile Reference and System PLL Clocks Intel® FPGA IP 5. F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Design Implementation 6. Supported Tools 7. Debugging F-Tile Transceiver Links 8. F-Tile Architecture and PMA and FEC Direct PHY IP User Guide Archives 9. Document Revision History for the F-Tile Architecture and PMA and FEC Direct PHY IP User Guide A. Appendix
1. F-Tile Overview x
1.1. Device Family Support
2. F-Tile Architecture x
2.1. F-Tile Building Blocks 2.2. F-Tile Placement Rules 2.3. PMA Architecture 2.4. Clock Architecture
2.1. F-Tile Building Blocks x
2.1.1. FHT and FGT PMAs 2.1.2. 400G Hard IP and 200G Hard IP 2.1.3. PMA Data Rates 2.1.4. FEC Architecture 2.1.5. PCIe* Hard IP 2.1.6. Bonding Architecture 2.1.7. Deskew Logic 2.1.8. Embedded Multi-die Interconnect Bridge (EMIB) 2.1.9. IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol for Ethernet 2.1.10. Clock Networks 2.1.11. Reconfiguration Interfaces
2.2. F-Tile Placement Rules x
2.2.1. PMA-to-Fracture Mapping 2.2.2. Determining Which PMA to Map to Which Fracture 2.2.3. Hard IP Placement Rules 2.2.4. IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol Placement Rules 2.2.5. Topologies 2.2.6. FEC Placement Rules 2.2.7. Clock Rules and Restrictions 2.2.8. Bonding Placement Rules 2.2.9. Preserving Unused PMA Lanes
2.2.1. PMA-to-Fracture Mapping x
2.2.1.1. FHT-PMA-to-400G-Hard-IP-Fracture Mapping 2.2.1.2. FGT-PMA-to-400G-Hard-IP-Fracture Mapping 2.2.1.3. FGT-PMA-to-200G-Hard-IP-Fracture Mapping
2.2.2. Determining Which PMA to Map to Which Fracture x
2.2.2.1. Implementing One 200GbE-4 Interface with 400G Hard IP and FHT 2.2.2.2. Implementing One 200GbE-2 Interface with 400G Hard IP and FHT 2.2.2.3. Implementing One 100GbE-1 Interface with 400G Hard IP and FHT 2.2.2.4. Implementing One 100GbE-4 Interface with 400G Hard IP and FGT 2.2.2.5. Implementing One 10GbE-1 Interface with 200G Hard IP and FGT 2.2.2.6. Implementing Three 25GbE-1 Interfaces with 400G Hard IP and FHT 2.2.2.7. Implementing One 50GbE-1 and Two 25GbE-1 Interfaces with 400G Hard IP and FHT 2.2.2.8. Implementing One 100GbE-1 and Two 25GbE-1 Interfaces with 400G Hard IP and FHT 2.2.2.9. Implementing Two 100GbE-1 and One 25GbE-1 Interfaces with 400G Hard IP and FHT 2.2.2.10. Implementing 100GbE-1, 100GbE-2, and 50GbE-1 Interfaces with 400G Hard IP and FHT
2.2.5. Topologies x
2.2.5.1. Topology 5: 400G Hard IP (FHT) + 200G Hard IP (FGT) Example 2.2.5.2. Topology 6a: 400G Hard IP with Mixed Transceiver Mode Example 2.2.5.3. Topology 14: 1x PCIe x4 + 400G Hard IP (FGT) with PTP Example
2.2.8. Bonding Placement Rules x
2.2.8.1. Bonded Lanes Use Case 1 2.2.8.2. Bonded Lanes Use Case 2
2.3. PMA Architecture x
2.3.1. FHT PMA Architecture 2.3.2. FGT PMA Architecture
2.3.1. FHT PMA Architecture x
2.3.1.1. FHT Transmitter PMA Architecture 2.3.1.2. FHT Receiver PMA Architecture 2.3.1.3. FHT PMA Loopback Modes
2.3.1.1. FHT Transmitter PMA Architecture x
2.3.1.1.1. FHT Transmitter Buffer and Phase Generator 2.3.1.1.2. FHT Serializer 2.3.1.1.3. FHT Gray-Coder and Pre-Coder 2.3.1.1.4. FHT Data Pattern Generator and Verifier
2.3.1.2. FHT Receiver PMA Architecture x
2.3.1.2.1. FHT Receiver Buffer and Equalizer 2.3.1.2.2. CDR Block 2.3.1.2.3. FHT Deserializer
2.3.2. FGT PMA Architecture x
2.3.2.1. FGT Transmitter PMA Architecture 2.3.2.2. FGT Receiver PMA Architecture 2.3.2.3. FGT PMA Tuning 2.3.2.4. FGT PMA Loopback Modes
2.3.2.1. FGT Transmitter PMA Architecture x
2.3.2.1.1. FGT Transmitter Buffer and Phase Generator 2.3.2.1.2. FGT Serializer 2.3.2.1.3. FGT Gray-Coder and Pre-Coder 2.3.2.1.4. FGT Data Pattern Generator and Verifier
2.3.2.2. FGT Receiver PMA Architecture x
2.3.2.2.1. FGT Receiver Buffer and Equalizer 2.3.2.2.2. Control Unit 2.3.2.2.3. FGT Deserializer
2.4. Clock Architecture x
2.4.1. Reference Clock Network 2.4.2. Datapath Clock Network 2.4.3. System PLL 2.4.4. Datapath Clock Cadences
2.4.1. Reference Clock Network x
2.4.1.1. FHT Reference Clock Network 2.4.1.2. FGT and System PLL Reference Clock Network 2.4.1.3. FGT Primary PLL Configuration
2.4.1.2. FGT and System PLL Reference Clock Network x
2.4.1.2.1. FGT Reference Clock Receiver Analog Front End
3. Implementing the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP x
3.1. F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP Overview 3.2. Designing with F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP 3.3. Configuring the IP 3.4. Signal and Port Reference 3.5. Bit Mapping for PMA and FEC Mode PHY TX and RX Datapath 3.6. Clocking 3.7. Custom Cadence Generation Ports and Logic 3.8. Asserting Reset 3.9. Bonding Implementation 3.10. Independent Port Configurations 3.11. Configuration Registers 3.12. Configurable Quartus® Prime Software Settings 3.13. Configuring the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP for Hardware Testing 3.14. Hardware Configuration Using the Avalon® Memory-Mapped Interface
3.1. F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP Overview x
3.1.1. PMA Direct Supported Modes 3.1.2. FEC Direct Supported Modes 3.1.3. Unsupported PMA/FEC Modes
3.2. Designing with F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP x
3.2.1. Preset IP Parameter Settings
3.3. Configuring the IP x
3.3.1. General and Common Datapath Options 3.3.2. TX Datapath Options 3.3.3. RX Datapath Options 3.3.4. RS-FEC (Reed Solomon Forward Error Correction) Options 3.3.5. Avalon® Memory Mapped Interface Options 3.3.6. Register Map IP-XACT Support 3.3.7. Example Design Generation 3.3.8. Analog Parameter Options
3.3.1. General and Common Datapath Options x
3.3.1.1. FGT PMA Configuration Rules for SATA mode 3.3.1.2. FGT PMA Configuration Rules for GPON Mode
3.3.2. TX Datapath Options x
3.3.2.1. TX PMA interface Parameters
3.3.3. RX Datapath Options x
3.3.3.1. RX FGT PMA Interface Options
3.4. Signal and Port Reference x
3.4.1. TX and RX Parallel and Serial Interface Signals 3.4.2. TX and RX Reference Clock and Clock Output Interface Signals 3.4.3. Reset Signals 3.4.4. RS-FEC Signals 3.4.5. Custom Cadence Control and Status Signals 3.4.6. TX PMA Control Signals 3.4.7. RX PMA Status Signals 3.4.8. TX and RX PMA and Core Interface FIFO Signals 3.4.9. PMA Avalon® Memory Mapped Interface Signals 3.4.10. Datapath Avalon® Memory Mapped Interface Signals
3.4.10. Datapath Avalon® Memory Mapped Interface Signals x
3.4.10.1. Number of Datapath Memory Mapped Avalon® Interfaces and Additional Address Bits per Interface
3.5. Bit Mapping for PMA and FEC Mode PHY TX and RX Datapath x
3.5.1. Parallel Data Mapping Information 3.5.2. TX and RX Parallel Data Mapping Information for Different Configurations 3.5.3. Example of TX Parallel Data for PMA Width = 8, 10, 16, 20, 32 (X=1) 3.5.4. Example of TX Parallel Data for PMA width = 64 (X=2) 3.5.5. Example of TX Parallel Data for PMA width = 64 (X=2) for FEC Direct Mode
3.5.2. TX and RX Parallel Data Mapping Information for Different Configurations x
3.5.2.1. TX Parallel Data Mapping Information for SATA Protocol Mode for Different Configurations
3.6. Clocking x
3.6.1. Clock Ports 3.6.2. Recommended tx/rx_coreclkin Connection and tx/rx_clkout2 Source 3.6.3. Port Widths and Recommended Connections for tx/rx_coreclkin, tx/rx_clkout, and tx/rx_clkout2 3.6.4. FGT PMA Fractional Mode 3.6.5. FGT RX CDR Clock Output
3.6.5. FGT RX CDR Clock Output x
3.6.5.1. Dynamically Configure the FGT RX CDR Clock Output
3.7. Custom Cadence Generation Ports and Logic x
3.7.1. Enabling the tx_cadence_slow_clk_locked Port 3.7.2. Rate Match FIFO
3.8. Asserting Reset x
3.8.1. Reset Signal Requirements 3.8.2. Power On Reset Requirements 3.8.3. Reset Signals—Block Level 3.8.4. Reset Signals—Descriptions 3.8.5. Status Signals—Descriptions 3.8.6. Run-time Reset Sequence—TX 3.8.7. Run-time Reset Sequence—RX 3.8.8. Run-time Reset Sequence—TX + RX 3.8.9. Run-time Reset Sequence—TX with FEC
3.8.8. Run-time Reset Sequence—TX + RX x
3.8.8.1. Run-time Reset Sequence Approximate Time Durations
3.11. Configuration Registers x
3.11.1. PMA and FEC Direct PHY Soft CSR Register Map 3.11.2. FHT PMA Register Map 3.11.3. FGT PMA Register Map 3.11.4. FEC Register Map 3.11.5. Lane Offset Address 3.11.6. Accessing Configuration Registers
3.11.6. Accessing Configuration Registers x
3.11.6.1. Accessing PMA and FEC Direct PHY Soft CSR Registers 3.11.6.2. Accessing FHT PMA Registers 3.11.6.3. Accessing FGT PMA Registers
3.11.6.2. Accessing FHT PMA Registers x
3.11.6.2.1. FHT PMA Register Address Range 0x40000 to 0x48000 3.11.6.2.2. FHT PMA Register Address Range 0x60000 to 0xF0030 3.11.6.2.3. FHT PMA Register Address 0xFFFFC
3.11.6.3. Accessing FGT PMA Registers x
3.11.6.3.1. FGT PMA Register Address Range 0x40000 to 0x48000 3.11.6.3.2. FGT PMA Register Address Range 0x62000 to 0x62004 3.11.6.3.3. FGT PMA Register Address Range 0x9003C to 0xF0028 3.11.6.3.4. FGT PMA Register Address 0xFFFFC
3.12. Configurable Quartus® Prime Software Settings x
3.12.1. FHT PMA Settings 3.12.2. FGT PMA Settings
3.13. Configuring the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP for Hardware Testing x
3.13.1. Using Debug Endpoint Interface within the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP 3.13.2. Using JTAG to Avalon® Master Bridge Intel FPGA IP
3.13.1. Using Debug Endpoint Interface within the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP x
3.13.1.1. RTL Connection Example for Debug Endpoint Avalon® Interface
3.13.2. Using JTAG to Avalon® Master Bridge Intel FPGA IP x
3.13.2.1. RTL Connection Example for JTAG to Avalon® Master Bridge Intel IP
3.14. Hardware Configuration Using the Avalon® Memory-Mapped Interface x
3.14.1. FHT PMA 3.14.2. FGT PMA
3.14.1. FHT PMA x
3.14.1.1. Enabling Loopback 3.14.1.2. Enabling the PRBS Generator and Verifier for ES Devices 3.14.1.3. Obtaining BER Values for Production Devices 3.14.1.4. TX Equalizer Settings 3.14.1.5. TX Error Injection 3.14.1.6. RX Reconvergence 3.14.1.7. Preserving Unused Lanes
3.14.2. FGT PMA x
3.14.2.1. Direct Register Method 3.14.2.2. FGT Attribute Access Method
3.14.2.1. Direct Register Method x
3.14.2.1.1. Direct Register Method Examples
3.14.2.2. FGT Attribute Access Method x
3.14.2.2.1. FGT Attribute Access Method Example 1 3.14.2.2.2. FGT Attribute Access Method Example 2 3.14.2.2.3. FGT Attribute Access Method Example 3
4. Implementing the F-Tile Reference and System PLL Clocks Intel® FPGA IP x
4.1. IP Parameters 4.2. IP Port List 4.3. Mode of System PLL - System PLL Reference Clock and Output Frequencies 4.4. Guidelines for F-Tile Reference and System PLL Clocks Intel® FPGA IP Usage 4.5. Guidelines for Refclk #i is Active At and After Device Configuration 4.6. Guidelines for Obtaining the Lock Status and Resetting the FGT and FHT TX PLLs
4.5. Guidelines for Refclk #i is Active At and After Device Configuration x
4.5.1. Guidelines for System PLL Reference Clock 4.5.2. Guidelines for FGT Reference Clock
4.6. Guidelines for Obtaining the Lock Status and Resetting the FGT and FHT TX PLLs x
4.6.1. How to Read the Real-Time Lock Status of the FGT TX PLL 4.6.2. How to Read the Real-Time Lock Status of the FHT Lane TX PLL 4.6.3. How to Read the Real-Time Lock Status of the FHT Common TX PLL 4.6.4. How to Reset the FGT TX PLL 4.6.5. How to Reset the FHT Lane TX PLL and Common PLL
4.6.1. How to Read the Real-Time Lock Status of the FGT TX PLL x
4.6.1.1. How to Determine the TX PLL Your FGT Channel is Using
4.6.3. How to Read the Real-Time Lock Status of the FHT Common TX PLL x
4.6.3.1. How to Determine Which Common PLL Your FHT Channel is Using
5. F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Design Implementation x
5.1. Implementing the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Design 5.2. Instantiating the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP 5.3. Implementing a RS-FEC Direct Design in the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP 5.4. Instantiating the F-Tile Reference and System PLL Clocks Intel® FPGA IP 5.5. Enabling Custom Cadence Generation Ports and Logic 5.6. Connecting the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Design IP 5.7. Simulating the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Design 5.8. F-Tile Interface Planning
5.2. Instantiating the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP x
5.2.1. Setting General and Common Datapath Options 5.2.2. Setting TX Datapath Options 5.2.3. Setting RX Datapath Options
5.7. Simulating the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Design x
5.7.1. PAM4 Encoding Schemes in Simulation
5.8. F-Tile Interface Planning x
5.8.1. F-Tile Interface Planner Usage Example
6. Supported Tools x
6.1. F-Tile Channel Placement Tool 6.2. F-Tile PMA and FEC Direct Port Mapping Calculator 6.3. F-Tile Clocking and Datapath Tool 6.4. F-Tile FGT TX Equalizer Tool
7. Debugging F-Tile Transceiver Links x
7.1. F-Tile Transceiver Toolkit GUI 7.2. F-Tile Transceiver Debugging Flow Walkthrough 7.3. Transceiver Toolkit Parameter Settings 7.4. Using F-Tile Multirate IPs with Transceiver Toolkit 7.5. Troubleshooting Common Errors 7.6. Transceiver Toolkit Scripts
7.1. F-Tile Transceiver Toolkit GUI x
7.1.1. Collection View
7.2. F-Tile Transceiver Debugging Flow Walkthrough x
7.2.1. Modifying the Design to Enable F-Tile Transceiver Debug 7.2.2. Programming the Design into an Intel FPGA 7.2.3. Loading the Design to the Transceiver Toolkit 7.2.4. Creating Transceiver Links 7.2.5. Running BER Tests 7.2.6. Running Eye Viewer Tests 7.2.7. Running Link Optimization Tests 7.2.8. Checking FEC Statistics 7.2.9. Vertical Bathtub Curve Measurements (VBCM) Data
7.3. Transceiver Toolkit Parameter Settings x
7.3.1. Dashboard
7.4. Using F-Tile Multirate IPs with Transceiver Toolkit x
7.4.1. F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Multirate Intel FPGA IP 7.4.2. F-Tile Ethernet Multirate Intel FPGA IP 7.4.3. Ethernet Subsystem Intel FPGA IP
7.6. Transceiver Toolkit Scripts x
7.6.1. Supported Transceiver Toolkit Scripts 7.6.2. Modifying the Scripts 7.6.3. Script Execution 7.6.4. Example of the Results in Tcl Console
A. Appendix x
A.1. Agilex™ 7 F-Tile OPNs A.2. OSC_CLK_1 QSF Assignment Requirement A.3. FGT Internal Serial Loopback Calibration Sequence for RX Manual Adaptation
1. F-Tile Overview
2. F-Tile Architecture
3. Implementing the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP
4. Implementing the F-Tile Reference and System PLL Clocks Intel® FPGA IP
5. F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Design Implementation
6. Supported Tools
7. Debugging F-Tile Transceiver Links
8. F-Tile Architecture and PMA and FEC Direct PHY IP User Guide Archives
9. Document Revision History for the F-Tile Architecture and PMA and FEC Direct PHY IP User Guide
A. Appendix

2.4.3. System PLL

F-tile has three on-board system PLLs. These system PLLs are the primary clock source for hard IP (MAC, PCS, and FEC) and EMIB crossing. This means that, when you use the system PLL clocking mode, the blocks are not clocked by the PMA clock and do not depend on a clock coming from the FPGA core. Each system PLL only generates the clock associated with one frequency interface. For example, you need two system PLLs to run one interface at 1 GHz and one interface at 500 MHz. Using a system PLL allows you to use every lane independently without a lane clock change affecting a neighboring lane.

Each system PLL can use any one of eight FGT reference clocks. System PLLs can share a reference clock or have different reference clocks. Each interface (hard IP) can choose which system PLL it uses, but, once chosen, it is fixed, not reconfigurable using dynamic reconfiguration. If PMA Direct PHY IP uses the system PLL clocking mode, PMA Direct is a data valid type interface.

With three system PLLs, you can use, for example, one system PLL for PCIe* and two for Ethernet and other protocols. However, there are other use cases, and you can use all three for various interfaces within the Ethernet and PMA Direct digital blocks. Because there are only three system PLLs, multiple hard IPs with different line rates may have to share a system PLL. When multiple hard IPs share a system PLL, the hard IP with highest line rate determines the system PLL frequency, and the hard IPs with the lower line rates must be overclocked. The exact cadence is based on the clock; see Datapath Clock Cadences for details.

The following table shows an example where four interfaces share a system PLL:

  • The system PLL is native for the 50GbE datapath interface (the highest line rate of all four interfaces).
  • The three lower line rate datapath interfaces are overclocked and need custom cadence.
Table 24.  Example of a Single System PLL Shared Between Interfaces
Design Line Rate (Gbps) PMA Width PMA Clock Frequency (MHz): Line Rate ÷ PMA Width System PLL Frequency (MHz) System PLL Output-to-Core Frequency (MHz) Datapath Clock Frequency
50GbE 53.125 64 830.08 830.08 415.04 Same as the PMA clock frequency
25GbE 25.78125 32 805.67 830.08 415.04 Over-clocked to the PMA clock frequency
24G CPRI 24.33024 32 760.32 830.08 415.04 Over-clocked to the PMA clock frequency
9.8G CPRI 9.8304 20 491.52 830.08 415.04 Over-clocked to the PMA clock frequency

Use the F-Tile Clocking Tool to visualize how IP and tile settings impact the datapath clocking mode. Start by reading the tool’s Introduction tab.

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