External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP User Guide: Agilex™ 5 FPGAs and SoCs

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ID 817467
Date 11/18/2024
Public
Document Table of Contents
Document Table of Contents x
1. About the External Memory Interfaces Agilex™ 5 FPGA IP 2. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP – Introduction 3. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP – Product Architecture 4. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP – End-User Signals 5. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP – Simulating Memory IP 6. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP - DDR4 Support 7. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP - DDR5 Support 8. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP - LPDDR4 Support 9. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP - LPDDR5 Support 10. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP – Timing Closure 11. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP – Controller Optimization 12. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP – Debugging 13. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP - Mailbox Support 14. Document Revision History for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP User Guide
1. About the External Memory Interfaces Agilex™ 5 FPGA IP x
1.1. Release Information
2. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP – Introduction x
2.1. Agilex™ 5 EMIF IP Protocol and Feature Support 2.2. Agilex™ 5 EMIF IP Design Flow
2.2. Agilex™ 5 EMIF IP Design Flow x
2.2.1. Agilex™ 5 EMIF IP Design Checklist
3. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP – Product Architecture x
3.1. Agilex™ 5 EMIF Architecture: Protocol and Maximum Interface Width Support 3.2. Agilex™ 5 EMIF Architecture: Introduction 3.3. Agilex™ 5 EMIF Sequencer 3.4. Agilex™ 5 EMIF Controller 3.5. Agilex™ 5 EMIF IP for Hard Processor Subsystem (HPS)
3.2. Agilex™ 5 EMIF Architecture: Introduction x
3.2.1. Agilex™ 5 EMIF Architecture: I/O Subsystem 3.2.2. Agilex™ 5 EMIF Architecture: I/O SSM 3.2.3. Agilex™ 5 EMIF Architecture: HSIO Bank 3.2.4. Agilex™ 5 EMIF Architecture: I/O Lane 3.2.5. Agilex™ 5 EMIF Architecture: Input DQS Clock Tree 3.2.6. Agilex™ 5 EMIF Architecture: PHY Clock Tree 3.2.7. Agilex™ 5 EMIF Architecture: PLL Reference Clock Networks 3.2.8. Agilex™ 5 EMIF Architecture: Clock Phase Alignment 3.2.9. User Clock in Different Core Access Modes
3.2.3. Agilex™ 5 EMIF Architecture: HSIO Bank x
3.2.3.1. Lockstep Configuration 3.2.3.2. Pin Placement 3.2.3.3. HSIO Sub-Bank Usage
3.4. Agilex™ 5 EMIF Controller x
3.4.1. Hard Memory Controller
3.4.1. Hard Memory Controller x
3.4.1.1. Hard Memory Controller Features
4. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP – End-User Signals x
4.1. IP Interfaces for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 Component 4.2. IP Interfaces for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 DIMM 4.3. IP Interfaces for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 Component 4.4. IP Interfaces for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 DIMM 4.5. IP Interfaces for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR4 4.6. IP Interfaces for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR5
4.1. IP Interfaces for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 Component x
4.1.1. s0_axi4_clock_in for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 Component 4.1.2. s0_axi4_ctrl_ready for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 Component 4.1.3. core_init_n for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 Component 4.1.4. s0_axi4 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 Component 4.1.5. s0_axi4lite_clock for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 Component 4.1.6. s0_axi4lite_reset_n for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 Component 4.1.7. s0_axi4lite for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 Component 4.1.8. mem_0 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 Component 4.1.9. mem_ck_0 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 Component 4.1.10. mem_reset_n for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 Component 4.1.11. oct_0 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 Component 4.1.12. ref_clk for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 Component
4.2. IP Interfaces for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 DIMM x
4.2.1. s0_axi4_clock_out for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 DIMM 4.2.2. s0_axi4_ctrl_ready for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 DIMM 4.2.3. core_init_n for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 DIMM 4.2.4. s0_axi4 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 DIMM 4.2.5. s0_axi4lite_clock for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 DIMM 4.2.6. s0_axi4lite_reset_n for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 DIMM 4.2.7. s0_axi4lite for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 DIMM 4.2.8. mem_0 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 DIMM 4.2.9. mem_ck_0 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 DIMM 4.2.10. mem_reset_n for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 DIMM 4.2.11. oct_0 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 DIMM 4.2.12. ref_clk for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 DIMM
4.3. IP Interfaces for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 Component x
4.3.1. s0_axi4_clock_in for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 Component 4.3.2. s0_axi4_ctrl_ready for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 Component 4.3.3. core_init_n for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 Component 4.3.4. s0_axi4 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 Component 4.3.5. s0_axi4lite_clock for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 Component 4.3.6. s0_axi4lite_reset_n for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 Component 4.3.7. s0_axi4lite for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 Component 4.3.8. mem_0 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 Component 4.3.9. mem_ck_0 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 Component 4.3.10. mem_reset_n_0 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 Component 4.3.11. oct_0 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 Component 4.3.12. ref_clk for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 Component
4.4. IP Interfaces for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 DIMM x
4.4.1. s0_axi4_ctrl_ready for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 DIMM 4.4.2. s1_axi4_ctrl_ready for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 DIMM 4.4.3. s0_axi4_clock_in for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 DIMM 4.4.4. core_init_n for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 DIMM 4.4.5. s0_axi4 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 DIMM 4.4.6. s1_axi4 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 DIMM 4.4.7. s0_axi4lite_clock for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 DIMM 4.4.8. s0_axi4lite_reset_n for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 DIMM 4.4.9. s0_axi4lite for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 DIMM 4.4.10. s1_axi4lite_clock for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 DIMM 4.4.11. s1_axi4lite_reset_n for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 DIMM 4.4.12. s1_axi4lite for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 DIMM 4.4.13. mem_0 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 DIMM 4.4.14. mem_1 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 DIMM 4.4.15. mem_reset_n for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 DIMM 4.4.16. mem_ck_0 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 DIMM 4.4.17. mem_ck_1 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 DIMM 4.4.18. mem_i3c for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 DIMM 4.4.19. oct_0 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 DIMM 4.4.20. oct_1 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 DIMM 4.4.21. ref_clk for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 DIMM
4.5. IP Interfaces for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR4 x
4.5.1. s0_axi4_clock_in for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR4 4.5.2. core_init_n for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR4 4.5.3. s0_axi4_ctrl_ready for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR4 4.5.4. s0_axi4 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR4 4.5.5. s1_axi4 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR4 4.5.6. s0_axi4lite_clock for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR4 4.5.7. s0_axi4lite_reset_n for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR4 4.5.8. s0_axi4lite for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR4 4.5.9. mem_0 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR4 4.5.10. mem_ck_0 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR4 4.5.11. mem_1 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR4 4.5.12. mem_ck_1 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR4 4.5.13. mem_reset_n for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR4 4.5.14. oct_0 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR4 4.5.15. oct_1 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR4 4.5.16. ref_clk for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR4
4.6. IP Interfaces for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR5 x
4.6.1. s0_axi4_clock_in for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR5 4.6.2. core_init_n for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR5 4.6.3. s0_axi4_ctrl_ready for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR5 4.6.4. s0_axi4 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR5 4.6.5. s1_axi4 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR5 4.6.6. s0_axi4lite_clock for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR5 4.6.7. s0_axi4lite_reset_n for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR5 4.6.8. s0_axi4lite for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR5 4.6.9. mem_0 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR5 4.6.10. mem_ck_0 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR5 4.6.11. mem_1 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR5 4.6.12. mem_ck_1 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR5 4.6.13. mem_reset_n for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR5 4.6.14. oct_0 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR5 4.6.15. oct_1 for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR5 4.6.16. ref_clk for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR5
5. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP – Simulating Memory IP x
5.1. Simulation Walkthrough
5.1. Simulation Walkthrough x
5.1.1. Calibration 5.1.2. Simulation Scripts 5.1.3. Functional Simulation with Verilog HDL 5.1.4. Simulating the Design Example
6. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP - DDR4 Support x
6.1. External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 Component Parameter Descriptions 6.2. External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR4 DIMM Parameter Descriptions 6.3. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP Pin and Resource Planning 6.4. Agilex™ 5 EMIF Pin Swapping Guidelines
6.3. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP Pin and Resource Planning x
6.3.1. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP Resources 6.3.2. Pin Guidelines for Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP 6.3.3. Pin Placements for Agilex™ 5 FPGA DDR4 EMIF IP
6.3.1. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP Resources x
6.3.1.1. OCT 6.3.1.2. PLL
6.3.2. Pin Guidelines for Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP x
6.3.2.1. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP Pin and Resource Planning
6.3.2.1. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP Pin and Resource Planning x
6.3.2.1.1. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP Interface Pins 6.3.2.1.2. Estimating Pin Requirements 6.3.2.1.3. Maximum Number of Interfaces
6.3.3. Pin Placements for Agilex™ 5 FPGA DDR4 EMIF IP x
6.3.3.1. Address and Command Pin Placement for DDR4 6.3.3.2. DDR4 Data Width Mapping 6.3.3.3. General Guidelines 6.3.3.4. x4 DIMM Implementation 6.3.3.5. Specific Pin Connection Requirements 6.3.3.6. Command and Address Signals 6.3.3.7. Clock Signals 6.3.3.8. Data, Data Strobes, DM/DBI, and Optional ECC Signals
6.4. Agilex™ 5 EMIF Pin Swapping Guidelines x
6.4.1. DDR4 Byte Lane Swapping Example: DDR4 x 32 +ECC implemented with AC Scheme 2 Example: DDR4 x 40 implemented with AC Scheme 2 Example: x72 or x64+ECC Configuration with AC Pri Top Sub-Bank/Sec DQ Bot Placement Example: x72 or x64+ECC Configuration with AC Pri Bot Sub-Bank/Sec DQ Bot Placement Example: x72 or x64+ECC Configuration with AC Pri Top Sub-Bank / Sec DQ Top(m) 6.4.2. DDR4 Address and Command and CLK Lane 6.4.3. DDR4 Interface x8 Data Lane 6.4.4. DDR4 Interface x4 Data Lane
7. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP - DDR5 Support x
7.1. External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 Component Parameter Descriptions 7.2. External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - DDR5 DIMM Parameter Descriptions 7.3. PHY DFE Tap Bias Values for DDR5 7.4. MEM DFE Tap Bias Values for DDR5 7.5. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP Pin and Resource Planning
7.5. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP Pin and Resource Planning x
7.5.1. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP Interface Pins 7.5.2. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP Resources 7.5.3. Pin Guidelines for Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP 7.5.4. Pin Placements for Agilex™ 5 FPGA DDR5 EMIF IP 7.5.5. Agilex™ 5 EMIF Pin Swapping Guidelines
7.5.1. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP Interface Pins x
7.5.1.1. Estimating Pin Requirements 7.5.1.2. DIMM Options 7.5.1.3. Maximum Number of Interfaces
7.5.2. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP Resources x
7.5.2.1. OCT 7.5.2.2. PLL
7.5.3. Pin Guidelines for Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP x
7.5.3.1. General Guidelines - DDR5 7.5.3.2. x4 DIMM Implementation 7.5.3.3. Specific Pin Connection Requirements 7.5.3.4. Command and Address Signals 7.5.3.5. Clock Signals 7.5.3.6. Data, Data Strobes, DM, and Optional ECC Signals
7.5.4. Pin Placements for Agilex™ 5 FPGA DDR5 EMIF IP x
7.5.4.1. Address and Command Pin Placement for DDR5 7.5.4.2. DDR5 Data Width Mapping
7.5.5. Agilex™ 5 EMIF Pin Swapping Guidelines x
7.5.5.1. DDR5 Byte Lane Swapping 7.5.5.2. DDR5 Address and Command and CLK Lane 7.5.5.3. DDR5 Interface x8 Data Lane 7.5.5.4. DDR5 Interface x4 Data Lane 7.5.5.5. Pin Swizzling
8. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP - LPDDR4 Support x
8.1. External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR4 Parameter Descriptions 8.2. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP Pin and Resource Planning
8.2. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP Pin and Resource Planning x
8.2.1. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP Interface Pins 8.2.2. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP Resources 8.2.3. Pin Guidelines for Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP
8.2.1. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP Interface Pins x
8.2.1.1. Estimating Pin Requirements 8.2.1.2. LPDDR4 Component Options 8.2.1.3. Maximum Number of Interfaces
8.2.2. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP Resources x
8.2.2.1. OCT 8.2.2.2. PLL
8.2.3. Pin Guidelines for Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP x
8.2.3.1. General Guidelines 8.2.3.2. Specific Pin Connection Requirements 8.2.3.3. Command and Address Signals 8.2.3.4. Clock Signals 8.2.3.5. Address and Command Pin Placement for LPDDR4 8.2.3.6. LPDDR4 Data Width Mapping 8.2.3.7. Pin Swapping Guidelines
9. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP - LPDDR5 Support x
9.1. External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP - LPDDR5 Parameter Descriptions 9.2. PHY DFE Tap Bias Values for LPDDR5 9.3. MEM DFE Tap Bias Values for LPDDR5 9.4. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP Pin and Resource Planning
9.4. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP Pin and Resource Planning x
9.4.1. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP Interface Pins 9.4.2. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP Resources 9.4.3. Pin Guidelines for Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP 9.4.4. Pin Placements for Agilex™ 5 FPGA LPDDR5 EMIF IP
9.4.1. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP Interface Pins x
9.4.1.1. Estimating Pin Requirements 9.4.1.2. LPDDR5 Component Options 9.4.1.3. Maximum Number of Interfaces
9.4.2. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP Resources x
9.4.2.1. OCT 9.4.2.2. PLL
9.4.3. Pin Guidelines for Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP x
9.4.3.1. General Guidelines - LPDDR5 9.4.3.2. Specific Pin Connection Requirements 9.4.3.3. Command and Address Signals 9.4.3.4. Clock Signals
9.4.4. Pin Placements for Agilex™ 5 FPGA LPDDR5 EMIF IP x
9.4.4.1. Address and Command Pin Placement for LPDDR5 9.4.4.2. LPDDR5 Data Width Mapping 9.4.4.3. LPDDR5 Byte Lane Swapping
10. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP – Timing Closure x
10.1. Timing Closure 10.2. Optimizing Timing
10.1. Timing Closure x
10.1.1. Timing Analysis
10.1.1. Timing Analysis x
10.1.1.1. PHY or Core
11. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP – Controller Optimization x
11.1. Interface Standard 11.2. Bank Management Efficiency 11.3. Data Transfer 11.4. Improving Controller Efficiency
11.4. Improving Controller Efficiency x
11.4.1. Frequency of Operation 11.4.2. Series of Reads or Writes
12. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP – Debugging x
12.1. Interface Configuration Performance Issues 12.2. Functional Issue Evaluation 12.3. Timing Issue Characteristics 12.4. Verifying Memory IP Using the Signal Tap Logic Analyzer 12.5. Debugging with the External Memory Interface Debug Toolkit 12.6. Generating Traffic with the Test Engine IP 12.7. Guidelines for Developing HDL for Traffic Generator 12.8. Guidelines for Traffic Generator Status Check 12.9. Hardware Debugging Guidelines 12.10. Create a Simplified Design that Demonstrates the Same Issue 12.11. Measure Power Distribution Network 12.12. Measure Signal Integrity and Setup and Hold Margin 12.13. Vary Voltage 12.14. Operate at a Lower Speed 12.15. Determine Whether the Issue Exists in Previous Versions of Software 12.16. Determine Whether the Issue Exists in the Current Version of Software 12.17. Try A Different PCB 12.18. Try Other Configurations 12.19. Debugging Checklist 12.20. Categorizing Hardware Issues 12.21. Signal Integrity Issues 12.22. Characteristics of Signal Integrity Issues 12.23. Evaluating Signal Integrity Issues 12.24. Skew 12.25. Crosstalk 12.26. Power System 12.27. Clock Signals 12.28. Address and Command Signals 12.29. Read Data Valid Window and Eye Diagram 12.30. Write Data Valid Window and Eye Diagram 12.31. Hardware and Calibration Issues 12.32. Memory Timing Parameter Evaluation 12.33. Verify that the Board Has the Correct Memory Component or DIMM Installed
12.1. Interface Configuration Performance Issues x
12.1.1. Interface Configuration Bottleneck and Efficiency Issues
12.2. Functional Issue Evaluation x
12.2.1. Altera IP Memory Model 12.2.2. Vendor Memory Model 12.2.3. Transcript Window Messages
12.3. Timing Issue Characteristics x
12.3.1. Evaluating FPGA Timing Issues 12.3.2. Evaluating External Memory Interface Timing Issues
12.5. Debugging with the External Memory Interface Debug Toolkit x
12.5.1. Prerequisites for Using the EMIF Debug Toolkit 12.5.2. Configuring a Design to Use the Debug Toolkit 12.5.3. Launching the EMIF Debug Toolkit 12.5.4. Using the EMIF Debug Toolkit
12.5.2. Configuring a Design to Use the Debug Toolkit x
12.5.2.1. Generating a Design Example with the Debug Toolkit
12.5.4. Using the EMIF Debug Toolkit x
12.5.4.1. Running Re-Calibration 12.5.4.2. Running the Test Engine
12.8. Guidelines for Traffic Generator Status Check x
12.8.1. Status Check Using the Signal Tap Logic Analyzer 12.8.2. Exporting the Status Interface to the Top-Level Design
13. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP - Mailbox Support x
13.1. Agilex™ 5 Mailbox Structure and Register Definitions 13.2. Sending a Mailbox Command
13.1. Agilex™ 5 Mailbox Structure and Register Definitions x
13.1.1. Mailbox Supported Commands 13.1.2. Mailbox Command Definitions 13.1.3. ECC Syndrome Codes
13.2. Sending a Mailbox Command x
13.2.1. Example 1: Reading IP_TYPE and IP_INSTANCE_ID of All the Interfaces in the IO96B Using Mailbox 13.2.2. Example 2: Reading the Memory Clock Frequency for an Interface 13.2.3. Example 3: Sending Recalibration Request and Reading Calibration Status Using the Mailbox
1. About the External Memory Interfaces Agilex™ 5 FPGA IP
2. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP – Introduction
3. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP – Product Architecture
4. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP – End-User Signals
5. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP – Simulating Memory IP
6. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP - DDR4 Support
7. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP - DDR5 Support
8. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP - LPDDR4 Support
9. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP - LPDDR5 Support
10. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP – Timing Closure
11. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP – Controller Optimization
12. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP – Debugging
13. Agilex™ 5 FPGA EMIF IP - Mailbox Support
14. Document Revision History for External Memory Interfaces (EMIF) IP User Guide

6.4.1. DDR4 Byte Lane Swapping

The data lane can be swapped when the byte-lanes are utilized as DQ/DQS pins. Byte lane swapping on utilized lanes is allowed when you swap all the DQ/DQS/DM/DBI pins in the same byte lane with the other utilized byte lane.

The rules for swapping DQ byte lane are as follows:

  • You can only swap between utilized DQ lanes.
  • You cannot swap a DQ lane with an AC lane.
  • You cannot swap a DQ lane with an ECC lane when out-of-band ECC is enabled. For x40 interfaces, the highest-indexed DQ byte lane cannot be swapped.
  • Additional restrictions apply when you use a x16 memory component:
    • You must place DQ group 0 and DQ group 1 on adjacent byte lanes, unless they are separated by AC Lanes. These 2 groups must be connected to the same x16 memory component.
    • You must place DQ group 2 and DQ group 3 on adjacent byte lanes, unless they are separated by AC Lanes. These 2 groups must be connected to the same x16 memory component.
    • If you use only one byte of the x16 memory component, you must use only the lower byte of the memory component.
  • Additional restrictions apply in lockstep configuration implemented with 2 adjacent IO96 banks:
    • Any DQ lane with a letter s prefix must remain in its designated byte lane. You cannot swap an sprefixed DQ lane with any other byte-lane.
    • DQ lane swapping between IO96 banks is not allowed. You can only swap between utilized DQ lanes within the same IO96 bank.
Table 144.  Byte Lane Swapping
Address/Command Scheme Data Width usage BL7 [P95:P84] BL6 [P83:P72] BL5 [P71:P60] BL4 [P59:P48] BL3 [P47:P36] BL2 [P35:P24] BL1 [P23:P12] BL0 [P11:P0]
Scheme 2 DDR4 x32 + ECC DQ[ECC] DQ[3] DQ[2] DQ[1] AC2 AC1 AC0 DQ[0]
Scheme 2 DDR4 x40 DQ[4] DQ[3] DQ[2] DQ[1] AC2 AC1 AC0 DQ[0]

Example: DDR4 x 32 +ECC implemented with AC Scheme 2

BL7 is used as ECC DQ lane, while Lane 0, 4, 5 and 6 are used DQ lanes. Byte lane swapping between BL0,4,5,6 is allowed.

Example: DDR4 x 40 implemented with AC Scheme 2

BL0,4,5,6,7 are used as DQ lanes. Byte lane swapping between BL0,4,5,6 is allowed. The highest-index DQ byte lane (that is, DQ[4]), cannot be swapped and must be placed at BL7.

Table 145.  Byte Lane Swapping for Lockstep Configuration
A/C Placement Option BL0 BL1 BL2 BL3 BL4 BL5 BL6 BL7 BL0 BL1 BL2 BL3 BL4 BL5 BL6 BL7
Primary Secondary
AC Pri Top Sub-Bank / Sec DQ Bot DQ[4] DQ[3] DQ[2] DQ[1] AC1 AC2 AC0 sDQ[0] DQ[8] DQ[7] DQ[6] DQ[5] GPIO GPIO GPIO GPIO
AC Pri Bot Sub-Bank / Sec DQ Bot DQ[0] AC0 AC1 AC2 DQ[1] DQ[2] DQ[3] sDQ[4] DQ[8] DQ[7] DQ[6] DQ[5] GPIO GPIO GPIO GPIO
AC Pri Top Sub-Bank / Sec DQ Top(m) DQ[4] DQ[3] DQ[2] DQ[1] AC1 AC2 AC0 sDQ[0] GPIO X X X DQ[5] DQ[6] DQ[7] DQ[8]

Example: x72 or x64+ECC Configuration with AC Pri Top Sub-Bank/Sec DQ Bot Placement

In Primary IO96 Bank: sDQ[0] is used for ECC or RUSER/WUSER. It cannot be swapped to other byte lanes.

Byte lane swapping between BL0, 1,2 and 3 is allowed.

In Secondary IO96 Bank: BL0,1,2,3 are used as DQ lanes. Byte lane swapping between BL0,1,2,3 is allowed.

Example: x72 or x64+ECC Configuration with AC Pri Bot Sub-Bank/Sec DQ Bot Placement

In Primary IO96 Bank: sDQ[4] is used for ECC or RUSER/WUSER. It cannot be swapped to other byte lanes.

Byte lane swapping between BL0, 4,5 and 6 is allowed.

In Secondary IO96 Bank: BL0,1,2,3 are used as DQ lanes. Byte lane swapping between BL0,1,2,3 is allowed.

Example: x72 or x64+ECC Configuration with AC Pri Top Sub-Bank / Sec DQ Top(m)

In Primary IO96 Bank: sDQ[0] is used for ECC or RUSER/WUSER. It cannot be swapped to other byte lanes.

Byte lane swapping between BL0, 1,2 and 3 is allowed.

In Secondary IO96 Bank: BL4,5,6,7 are used as DQ lanes. Byte lane swapping between BL4,5,6,7 is allowed.

Level Two Title