Characters

Intel® Fortran Compiler Classic and Intel® Fortran Compiler Developer Guide and Reference

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ID 767251

Date 6/24/2024

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Characters

The C language does not have character strings. Instead, it has arrays of single characters. You must represent this type of character string in Fortran.

A kind value is defined, C_CHAR, which corresponding to the C char type. However, only character variables with a length of one (1) are interoperable.

The following shows a Fortran program passing a string to a C routine and the C routine calling a Fortran routine with a new string.

Fortran program example:

program demo_character_interop
    use, intrinsic :: iso_c_binding
    implicit none
    
    interface
    subroutine c_append (string) bind(C)
    character(len=1), dimension(*), intent(in) :: string
    end subroutine c_append
    end interface
    
    ! Call C routine passing an ordinary character value
    ! The language allows this to match an array of
    ! single characters of default kind.
    ! Easiest way to call c_append:
    call c_append (F_C_STRING ('Intel Fortran'))
    ! Alternate way to call c_append
    call c_append('Intel Fortran'//C_NULL_CHAR)
end program demo_character_interop

subroutine fort_print (string) bind(C)
    use, intrinsic :: iso_c_binding
    implicit none
    
    ! Must declare argument as an array of single characters
    ! in order to be "interoperable"
    character(len=1), dimension(100), intent(in), target :: string
    integer s_len ! Length of string
    character(LEN=:, C_CHAR), pointer :: string_pointer
    character(100), pointer :: string1
    character(100) :: string2

    ! Easiest way to convert the array to a character pointer.
    ! LEN(string_ptr) will be set to INDEX(string, C_NULL_CHAR) – 1.
    call C_F_STRPOINTER (string, string_ptr)
    print *, string_ptr
    
    ! Another way to convert the array to a character variable
    call C_F_POINTER(C_LOC(string),string1)
    s_len = INDEX(string1,C_NULL_CHAR) - 1
    print *, string1(1:s_len)
    
    ! Another way to convert
    string2 = TRANSFER(string,string2) ! May move garbage if source length < 100
    s_len = INDEX(string2,C_NULL_CHAR) - 1
    print *, string2(1:s_len)
    
    end subroutine fort_print

C routine example:

C module (c_append.c):
#include <string.h>
extern void fort_print(char * string); /* Fortran routine */
void c_append (char * string) {
	char mystring[100];
	strcpy(mystring, string);
	strcat(mystring, " interoperates with C");
	/* Call Fortran routine passing new string */
	fort_print (mystring);
	return;
}

Parent topic: Data Types

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Intel® Fortran Compiler Classic and Intel® Fortran Compiler Developer Guide and Reference

Characters