L- and H-tile Avalon® Streaming and Single Root I/O Virtualization (SR-IOV) Intel® FPGA IP for PCI Express* User Guide

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ID 683111
Date 3/07/2022
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Document Table of Contents
Document Table of Contents x
1. Introduction 2. Quick Start Guide 3. Interface Overview 4. Parameters 5. Designing with the IP Core 6. Block Descriptions 7. Interrupts 8. Registers 9. Testbench and Design Example 10. Troubleshooting and Observing the Link A. PCI Express Core Architecture B. TX Credit Adjustment Sample Code C. Root Port Enumeration D. Document Revision History
1. Introduction x
1.1. Avalon-ST Interface with Optional SR-IOV for PCIe Introduction 1.2. Features 1.3. Release Information 1.4. Device Family Support 1.5. Recommended Fabric Speed Grades 1.6. Performance and Resource Utilization 1.7. Transceiver Tiles 1.8. PCI Express IP Core Package Layout 1.9. Channel Availability
2. Quick Start Guide x
2.1. Design Components 2.2. Hardware and Software Requirements 2.3. Directory Structure 2.4. Generating the Design Example 2.5. Simulating the Design Example 2.6. Compiling the Design Example and Programming the Device 2.7. Installing the Linux Kernel Driver 2.8. Running the Design Example Application
3. Interface Overview x
3.1. Avalon-ST RX Interface 3.2. Avalon-ST TX Interface 3.3. TX Credit Interface 3.4. TX and RX Serial Data 3.5. Clocks 3.6. Function-Level Reset (FLR) Interface 3.7. Control Shadow Interface for SR-IOV 3.8. Configuration Extension Bus Interface 3.9. Hard IP Reconfiguration Interface 3.10. Interrupt Interfaces 3.11. Power Management Interface 3.12. Reset 3.13. Transaction Layer Configuration Interface 3.14. PLL Reconfiguration Interface 3.15. PIPE Interface (Simulation Only)
4. Parameters x
4.1. Stratix 10 Avalon-ST Settings 4.2. Multifunction and SR-IOV System Settings 4.3. Base Address Registers 4.4. Device Identification Registers 4.5. TPH/ATS Capabilities 4.6. PCI Express and PCI Capabilities Parameters 4.7. Configuration, Debug and Extension Options 4.8. PHY Characteristics 4.9. Example Designs
4.6. PCI Express and PCI Capabilities Parameters x
4.6.1. Device Capabilities 4.6.2. Link Capabilities 4.6.3. MSI and MSI-X Capabilities 4.6.4. Slot Capabilities 4.6.5. Power Management 4.6.6. Vendor Specific Extended Capability (VSEC)
5. Designing with the IP Core x
5.1. Generation 5.2. Simulation 5.3. IP Core Generation Output ( Intel® Quartus® Prime Pro Edition) 5.4. Integration and Implementation 5.5. Required Supporting IP Cores 5.6. Channel Layout and PLL Usage
5.2. Simulation x
5.2.1. Selecting Serial or PIPE Simulation
5.4. Integration and Implementation x
5.4.1. Clock Requirements 5.4.2. Reset Requirements
5.5. Required Supporting IP Cores x
5.5.1. Hard Reset Controller 5.5.2. TX PLL
6. Block Descriptions x
6.1. Interfaces 6.2. Errors reported by the Application Layer 6.3. Power Management 6.4. Transaction Ordering 6.5. RX Buffer
6.1. Interfaces x
6.1.1. TLP Header and Data Alignment for the Avalon-ST RX and TX Interfaces 6.1.2. Avalon-ST 256-Bit RX Interface 6.1.3. Avalon-ST 512-Bit RX Interface 6.1.4. Avalon-ST 256-Bit TX Interface 6.1.5. Avalon-ST 512-Bit TX Interface 6.1.6. TX Credit Interface 6.1.7. Interpreting the TX Credit Interface 6.1.8. Clocks 6.1.9. Update Flow Control Timer and Credit Release 6.1.10. Function-Level Reset (FLR) Interface 6.1.11. Resets 6.1.12. Interrupts 6.1.13. Control Shadow Interface for SR-IOV 6.1.14. Transaction Layer Configuration Space Interface 6.1.15. Configuration Extension Bus Interface 6.1.16. Hard IP Status Interface 6.1.17. Hard IP Reconfiguration 6.1.18. Power Management Interface 6.1.19. Serial Data Interface 6.1.20. PIPE Interface 6.1.21. Test Interface 6.1.22. PLL IP Reconfiguration 6.1.23. Message Handling
6.1.2. Avalon-ST 256-Bit RX Interface x
6.1.2.1. Avalon-ST RX Interface Three- and Four-Dword TLPs 6.1.2.2. Avalon-ST RX Interface rx_st_ready Deasserts for the 256-Bit Interface 6.1.2.3. Avalon-ST RX Interface rx_st_valid Deasserts 6.1.2.4. Avalon-ST RX Back-to-Back Transmission 6.1.2.5. Avalon-ST RX Interface Single-Cycle TLPs
6.1.3. Avalon-ST 512-Bit RX Interface x
6.1.3.1. PCIe TLP Layout Using the 512-Bit Interface
6.1.4. Avalon-ST 256-Bit TX Interface x
6.1.4.1. Avalon-ST TX Three- and Four-Dword TLPs 6.1.4.2. Avalon-ST TX Interface tx_st_ready Deassertion 6.1.4.3. Assertion and Deassertion of Avalon-ST TX Interface tx_st_valid
6.1.12. Interrupts x
6.1.12.1. MSI and Legacy Interrupts
6.1.23. Message Handling x
6.1.23.1. Endpoint Received Messages 6.1.23.2. Endpoint Transmitted Messages
6.2. Errors reported by the Application Layer x
6.2.1. Error Handling
6.3. Power Management x
6.3.1. Endpoint D3 Entry 6.3.2. End Point D3 Exit 6.3.3. Exit from D3 hot 6.3.4. Exit from D3 cold 6.3.5. Active State Power Management
6.4. Transaction Ordering x
6.4.1. TX TLP Ordering 6.4.2. RX TLP Ordering
6.5. RX Buffer x
6.5.1. Retry Buffer 6.5.2. Configuration Retry Status
7. Interrupts x
7.1. Interrupts for Endpoints
7.1. Interrupts for Endpoints x
7.1.1. MSI and Legacy Interrupts 7.1.2. MSI-X 7.1.3. Implementing MSI-X Interrupts 7.1.4. Legacy Interrupts
8. Registers x
8.1. Configuration Space Registers
8.1. Configuration Space Registers x
8.1.1. Register Access Definitions 8.1.2. PCI Configuration Header Registers 8.1.3. PCI Express Capability Structures 8.1.4. Intel Defined VSEC Capability Header 8.1.5. General Purpose Control and Status Register 8.1.6. Uncorrectable Internal Error Status Register 8.1.7. Uncorrectable Internal Error Mask Register 8.1.8. Correctable Internal Error Status Register 8.1.9. Correctable Internal Error Mask Register 8.1.10. SR-IOV Virtualization Extended Capabilities Registers Address Map
8.1.4. Intel Defined VSEC Capability Header x
8.1.4.1. Intel Defined Vendor Specific Header 8.1.4.2. Intel Marker 8.1.4.3. JTAG Silicon ID 8.1.4.4. User Configurable Device and Board ID
8.1.10. SR-IOV Virtualization Extended Capabilities Registers Address Map x
8.1.10.1. ARI Enhanced Capability Header 8.1.10.2. SR-IOV Enhanced Capability Registers 8.1.10.3. Initial VFs and Total VFs Registers 8.1.10.4. VF Device ID Register 8.1.10.5. Page Size Registers 8.1.10.6. VF Base Address Registers (BARs) 0-5 8.1.10.7. Secondary PCI Express Extended Capability Header 8.1.10.8. Lane Status Registers 8.1.10.9. Transaction Processing Hints (TPH) Requester Enhanced Capability Header 8.1.10.10. TPH Requester Capability Register 8.1.10.11. TPH Requester Control Register 8.1.10.12. Address Translation Services ATS Enhanced Capability Header 8.1.10.13. ATS Capability Register and ATS Control Register
9. Testbench and Design Example x
9.1. Endpoint Testbench 9.2. Test Driver Module 9.3. Root Port BFM Overview 9.4. BFM Procedures and Functions
9.1. Endpoint Testbench x
9.1.1. Endpoint Testbench for SR-IOV
9.3. Root Port BFM Overview x
9.3.1. BFM Memory Map 9.3.2. Configuration Space Bus and Device Numbering 9.3.3. Configuration of Root Port and Endpoint 9.3.4. Issuing Read and Write Transactions to the Application Layer
9.4. BFM Procedures and Functions x
9.4.1. ebfm_barwr Procedure 9.4.2. ebfm_barwr_imm Procedure 9.4.3. ebfm_barrd_wait Procedure 9.4.4. ebfm_barrd_nowt Procedure 9.4.5. ebfm_cfgwr_imm_wait Procedure 9.4.6. ebfm_cfgwr_imm_nowt Procedure 9.4.7. ebfm_cfgrd_wait Procedure 9.4.8. ebfm_cfgrd_nowt Procedure 9.4.9. BFM Configuration Procedures 9.4.10. BFM Shared Memory Access Procedures 9.4.11. BFM Log and Message Procedures 9.4.12. Verilog HDL Formatting Functions
9.4.9. BFM Configuration Procedures x
9.4.9.1. ebfm_cfg_rp_ep Procedure 9.4.9.2. ebfm_cfg_decode_bar Procedure
9.4.10. BFM Shared Memory Access Procedures x
9.4.10.1. Shared Memory Constants 9.4.10.2. shmem_write Task 9.4.10.3. shmem_read Function 9.4.10.4. shmem_display Verilog HDL Function 9.4.10.5. shmem_fill Procedure 9.4.10.6. shmem_chk_ok Function
9.4.11. BFM Log and Message Procedures x
9.4.11.1. ebfm_display Verilog HDL Function 9.4.11.2. ebfm_log_stop_sim Verilog HDL Function 9.4.11.3. ebfm_log_set_suppressed_msg_mask Task 9.4.11.4. ebfm_log_set_stop_on_msg_mask Verilog HDL Task 9.4.11.5. ebfm_log_open Verilog HDL Function 9.4.11.6. ebfm_log_close Verilog HDL Function
9.4.12. Verilog HDL Formatting Functions x
9.4.12.1. himage1 9.4.12.2. himage2 9.4.12.3. himage4 9.4.12.4. himage8 9.4.12.5. himage16 9.4.12.6. dimage1 9.4.12.7. dimage2 9.4.12.8. dimage3 9.4.12.9. dimage4 9.4.12.10. dimage5 9.4.12.11. dimage6 9.4.12.12. dimage7
10. Troubleshooting and Observing the Link x
10.1. Troubleshooting 10.2. PCIe Link Inspector Overview
10.1. Troubleshooting x
10.1.1. Simulation Fails To Progress Beyond Polling.Active State 10.1.2. Hardware Bring-Up Issues 10.1.3. Link Training 10.1.4. Link Hangs in L0 State 10.1.5. Use Third-Party PCIe Analyzer
10.2. PCIe Link Inspector Overview x
10.2.1. PCIe* Link Inspector Hardware
10.2.1. PCIe* Link Inspector Hardware x
10.2.1.1. Enabling the PCIe* Link Inspector 10.2.1.2. Launching the PCIe* Link Inspector 10.2.1.3. The PCIe* Link Inspector LTSSM Monitor 10.2.1.4. Accessing the Configuration Space and Transceiver Registers 10.2.1.5. Additional Status Commands
10.2.1.3. The PCIe* Link Inspector LTSSM Monitor x
10.2.1.3.1. LTSSM Monitor Registers 10.2.1.3.2. ltssm_save2file <file_name> 10.2.1.3.3. ltssm_file2console 10.2.1.3.4. ltssm_debug_check 10.2.1.3.5. ltssm_display <num_states> 10.2.1.3.6. ltssm_save_oldstates
10.2.1.4. Accessing the Configuration Space and Transceiver Registers x
10.2.1.4.1. PCIe* Link Inspector Commands 10.2.1.4.2. NPDME PLL and Channel Commands 10.2.1.4.3. Register Address Map
10.2.1.5. Additional Status Commands x
10.2.1.5.1. Displaying PLL Lock and Calibration Status Registers
A. PCI Express Core Architecture x
A.1. Transaction Layer A.2. Data Link Layer A.3. Physical Layer
D. Document Revision History x
D.1. Document Revision History for the Intel® L- and H-tile Avalon® Streaming and Single-Root I/O Virtualization (SR-IOV) IP for PCI Express* User Guide
1. Introduction
2. Quick Start Guide
3. Interface Overview
4. Parameters
5. Designing with the IP Core
6. Block Descriptions
7. Interrupts
8. Registers
9. Testbench and Design Example
10. Troubleshooting and Observing the Link
A. PCI Express Core Architecture
B. TX Credit Adjustment Sample Code
C. Root Port Enumeration
D. Document Revision History

6.1.3. Avalon-ST 512-Bit RX Interface

The Application Layer receives data from the Transaction Layer of the PCI Express* IP core over the Avalon-ST RX interface. The 512-bit interface supports Gen3 x16 variants and uses a 250 MHz clock, simplifying timing closure.

The 512-bit interface supports two locations for the beginning of a TLP, bit[0] and bit[256]. The interface supports two TLPs per cycle only when an end-of-packet cycle occurs in the lower 256 bits. In other words, a TLP can start on bit [256] only if a rx_st_eop pulse occurs in the lower 256 bits.

Note: This interface is not strictly Avalon® -compliant because it supports two rx_st_sop signals and two rx_st_eop signals per cycle.
Table 32.  512‑Bit Avalon-ST RX Datapath

Signal

Direction

Description

rx_st_data_o[511:0]

Output

Receive data bus. The Application Layer receives data from the Transaction Layer on this bus. For large TLPs, the Application Layer drives 512-bit data on rx_st_data[511:0] until the end-of-packet cycle.

For TLPs with an end-of-packet cycle in the lower 256 bits, the 512-bit interface supports a start-of-packet cycle in the upper 256 bits.

rx_st_sop[1:0]

Output

Signals the first cycle of the TLP when asserted in conjunction the corresponding bit of rx_st_valid. The following encodings are defined:
  • rx_st_sop[1]: When asserted, indicates the start of a TLP on rx_st_data[511:256].
  • rx_st_sop[0]: When asserted, indicates the start of a TLP on rx_st_data[255:0].

rx_st_eop[1:0]

Output

Signals the last cycle of the TLP when asserted in conjunction with the corresponding bit of rx_st_valid[1:0]. The following encodings are defined:

  • rx_st_eop[1]: When asserted, signals the end of a TLP on rx_st_data[511:256].
  • rx_st_sop[0]: When asserted, signals the end of a TLP on rx_st_data[255:0].

rx_st_ready_i

Input

Indicates that the Application Layer is ready to accept data. The Application Layer deasserts this signal to apply backpressure to the data stream.

rx_st_valid_o[1:0]

Output

Qualifies rx_st_data_o into the Application Layer.

The rx_st_ready_i to rx_st_valid_o[1:0] latency for Stratix® 10 devices is 18 cycles. When rx_st_ready_i deasserts, rx_st_valid_o[1:0] will deassert within 18 cycles. When rx_st_ready_i reasserts, rx_st_valid_o will reassert within 18 cycles if there is more data to send. To achieve the best throughput, Intel recommends that you size the RX buffer in your application logic to avoid the deassertion of rx_st_ready_o.

The Relationship Between rx_st_ready and rx_st_valid for the 512-bit Avalon-ST Interface timing diagram below illustrates the relationship between rx_st_ready_i and rx_st_valid_o.

rx_st_bar_range_o[5:0]

Output

Specifies the BAR for the TLP being output. The following encodings are defined:
  • rx_st_bar_range_o[5:3]: Specifies BAR for rx_st_data[511:256].
  • rx_st_bar_range_o[2:0]: Specifies BAR for rx_st_data[255:0].
For each BAR range, the following encodings are defined:
  • 000: Memory BAR 0
  • 001: Memory BAR 1
  • 010: Memory BAR 2
  • 011: Memory BAR 3
  • 100: Memory BAR 4
  • 101: Memory BAR 5
  • 110: I/O BAR
  • 111: Expansion ROM BAR

These outputs are valid when both rx_st_sop and rx_st_valid are asserted.

rx_st_empty_o[5:0] Output

Specifies the number of dwords that are empty during cycles when the rx_st_eop_o[1:0] signal is asserted. Not valid when rx_st_eop[1:0] is deasserted. The following encodings are defined:

  • rx_st_empty_o[5:3]: Specifies empty dwords for the high-order packet.
  • rx_st_empty_o[2:0]: Specifies empty dwords for the low-order packet.
rx_st_parity_o[63:0] Output Byte parity for rx_st_data_o. Bit 0 corresponds to rx_st_data_o[7:0], bit 1 corresponds to rx_st_data_o[15:8] and so on.
rx_st_vf_active[1:0] H-Tile Output

When asserted, the received TLP targets a VF bar. Valid when rx_st_sop is asserted. When deasserted, the TLP targets a PF and the rx_st_func_num port drives the physical function number.

For the 512-bit interface, Bit [0] corresponds to the rx_st_data[255:0] and bit 1 corresponds to rx_st_data[511:256]

Valid when multiple physical functions are enabled.

rx_st_func_num[3:0] H-Tile

Output
  • rx_st_func_num[3:2]: Specifies the physical function number for rx_st_data[511:256].
  • rx_st_func_num[1:0]: Specifies the physical function number for rx_st_data[255:0]

rx_st_vf_num[log2 <x>)-1:0] H-Tile

Output

Specifies the target VF number for the received TLP. The application uses this information for both request and completion TLPs. For completion TLPs, specifies the VF number of the requester for this completion TLP. <x> is the number of VFs.

The following encodings are defined:

  • rx_st_vf_num[21:11]: Specifies the VF number for rx_st_data[511:256]
  • rx_st_vf_num[10:0]: Specifies the VF number for rx_st_data[255:0]

Valid when rx_st_vf_active is asserted. If the TLP targeting at VF[<m>, <n>] this bus carries the VF<n> information.

Valid when multiple virtual functions are enabled.

Figure 42. Relationship Between rx_st_ready and rx_st_valid for the 512-bit Avalon-ST Interface

Section Content
PCIe TLP Layout Using the 512-Bit Interface

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