Intel® MAX® 10 High-Speed LVDS I/O User Guide

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ID 683760
Date 11/01/2021
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Document Table of Contents
Document Table of Contents x
1. Intel® MAX® 10 High-Speed LVDS I/O Overview 2. Intel® MAX® 10 High-Speed LVDS Architecture and Features 3. Intel® MAX® 10 LVDS Transmitter Design 4. Intel® MAX® 10 LVDS Receiver Design 5. Intel® MAX® 10 LVDS Transmitter and Receiver Design 6. Intel® MAX® 10 High-Speed LVDS Board Design Considerations 7. Soft LVDS IP Core References 8. Intel® MAX® 10 High-Speed LVDS I/O User Guide Archives 9. Document Revision History for Intel® MAX® 10 High-Speed LVDS I/O User Guide
1. Intel® MAX® 10 High-Speed LVDS I/O Overview x
1.1. Soft LVDS Implementation Overview
2. Intel® MAX® 10 High-Speed LVDS Architecture and Features x
2.1. Intel® MAX® 10 LVDS Channels Support 2.2. Intel® MAX® 10 LVDS SERDES I/O Standards Support 2.3. Intel® MAX® 10 High-Speed LVDS Circuitry 2.4. Intel® MAX® 10 High-Speed LVDS I/O Location 2.5. Differential I/O Pins in Low Speed Region
3. Intel® MAX® 10 LVDS Transmitter Design x
3.1. High-Speed I/O Transmitter Circuitry 3.2. LVDS Transmitter Programmable I/O Features 3.3. LVDS Transmitter I/O Termination Schemes 3.4. LVDS Transmitter FPGA Design Implementation 3.5. LVDS Transmitter Debug and Troubleshooting
3.2. LVDS Transmitter Programmable I/O Features x
3.2.1. Programmable Pre-Emphasis 3.2.2. Programmable Differential Output Voltage
3.3. LVDS Transmitter I/O Termination Schemes x
3.3.1. Emulated LVDS External Termination 3.3.2. Sub-LVDS Transmitter External Termination 3.3.3. SLVS Transmitter External Termination 3.3.4. Emulated RSDS, Emulated Mini-LVDS, and Emulated PPDS Transmitter External Termination
3.4. LVDS Transmitter FPGA Design Implementation x
3.4.1. Soft LVDS IP Core in Transmitter Mode 3.4.2. High-Speed I/O Timing Budget 3.4.3. Guidelines: LVDS Transmitter Channels Placement 3.4.4. Guidelines: LVDS Channels PLL Placement 3.4.5. Guidelines: LVDS Transmitter Logic Placement 3.4.6. Guidelines: Enable LVDS Pre-Emphasis for E144 Package
3.4.1. Soft LVDS IP Core in Transmitter Mode x
3.4.1.1. PLL Source Selection for Soft LVDS IP Core 3.4.1.2. Guidelines: LVDS TX Interface Using External PLL 3.4.1.3. Initializing the Soft LVDS IP Core
3.4.1.1. PLL Source Selection for Soft LVDS IP Core x
3.4.1.1.1. Instantiate Soft LVDS IP Core with Internal PLL 3.4.1.1.2. Instantiate Soft LVDS IP Core with External PLL
3.4.1.2. Guidelines: LVDS TX Interface Using External PLL x
3.4.1.2.1. ALTPLL Signal Interface with Soft LVDS Transmitter 3.4.1.2.2. Determining External PLL Clock Parameters for Soft LVDS Transmitter
3.4.2. High-Speed I/O Timing Budget x
3.4.2.1. Transmitter Channel-to-Channel Skew
3.5. LVDS Transmitter Debug and Troubleshooting x
3.5.1. Perform RTL Simulation Before Hardware Debug 3.5.2. Geometry-Based and Physics-Based I/O Rules
4. Intel® MAX® 10 LVDS Receiver Design x
4.1. High-Speed I/O Receiver Circuitry 4.2. LVDS Receiver I/O Termination Schemes 4.3. LVDS Receiver FPGA Design Implementation 4.4. LVDS Receiver Debug and Troubleshooting
4.1. High-Speed I/O Receiver Circuitry x
4.1.1. Soft Deserializer 4.1.2. Data Realignment Block (Bit Slip)
4.2. LVDS Receiver I/O Termination Schemes x
4.2.1. LVDS, Mini-LVDS, and RSDS Receiver External Termination 4.2.2. SLVS Receiver External Termination 4.2.3. Sub-LVDS Receiver External Termination 4.2.4. TMDS Receiver External Termination 4.2.5. HiSpi Receiver External Termination 4.2.6. LVPECL External Termination
4.3. LVDS Receiver FPGA Design Implementation x
4.3.1. Soft LVDS IP Core in Receiver Mode 4.3.2. High-Speed I/O Timing Budget 4.3.3. Guidelines: Floating LVDS Input Pins 4.3.4. Guidelines: LVDS Receiver Channels Placement 4.3.5. Guidelines: LVDS Channels PLL Placement 4.3.6. Guidelines: LVDS Receiver Logic Placement
4.3.1. Soft LVDS IP Core in Receiver Mode x
4.3.1.1. PLL Source Selection for Soft LVDS IP Core 4.3.1.2. Guidelines: LVDS RX Interface Using External PLL 4.3.1.3. Initializing the Soft LVDS IP Core
4.3.1.1. PLL Source Selection for Soft LVDS IP Core x
4.3.1.1.1. Instantiate Soft LVDS IP Core with Internal PLL 4.3.1.1.2. Instantiate Soft LVDS IP Core with External PLL
4.3.1.2. Guidelines: LVDS RX Interface Using External PLL x
4.3.1.2.1. ALTPLL Signal Interface with Soft LVDS Receiver 4.3.1.2.2. Determining External PLL Clock Parameters for Soft LVDS Receiver
4.3.2. High-Speed I/O Timing Budget x
4.3.2.1. Receiver Input Skew Margin 4.3.2.2. Guidelines: LVDS Receiver Timing Constraints
4.3.2.1. Receiver Input Skew Margin x
4.3.2.1.1. RSKM Equation 4.3.2.1.2. Example: RSKM Calculation
4.4. LVDS Receiver Debug and Troubleshooting x
4.4.1. Perform RTL Simulation Before Hardware Debug 4.4.2. Geometry-Based and Physics-Based I/O Rules
5. Intel® MAX® 10 LVDS Transmitter and Receiver Design x
5.1. Transmitter–Receiver Interfacing 5.2. LVDS Transmitter and Receiver FPGA Design Implementation 5.3. LVDS Transmitter and Receiver Debug and Troubleshooting
5.2. LVDS Transmitter and Receiver FPGA Design Implementation x
5.2.1. LVDS Transmitter and Receiver PLL Sharing Implementation 5.2.2. Initializing the Soft LVDS IP Core
5.3. LVDS Transmitter and Receiver Debug and Troubleshooting x
5.3.1. Perform RTL Simulation Before Hardware Debug 5.3.2. Geometry-Based and Physics-Based I/O Rules
6. Intel® MAX® 10 High-Speed LVDS Board Design Considerations x
6.1. Guidelines: Improve Signal Quality 6.2. Guidelines: Control Channel-to-Channel Skew 6.3. Guidelines: Determine Board Design Constraints 6.4. Guidelines: Perform Board Level Simulations
7. Soft LVDS IP Core References x
7.1. Soft LVDS Parameter Settings 7.2. Soft LVDS Interface Signals
1. Intel® MAX® 10 High-Speed LVDS I/O Overview
2. Intel® MAX® 10 High-Speed LVDS Architecture and Features
3. Intel® MAX® 10 LVDS Transmitter Design
4. Intel® MAX® 10 LVDS Receiver Design
5. Intel® MAX® 10 LVDS Transmitter and Receiver Design
6. Intel® MAX® 10 High-Speed LVDS Board Design Considerations
7. Soft LVDS IP Core References
8. Intel® MAX® 10 High-Speed LVDS I/O User Guide Archives
9. Document Revision History for Intel® MAX® 10 High-Speed LVDS I/O User Guide

4.1.2. Data Realignment Block (Bit Slip)

Skew in the transmitted data and skew added by the transmission link cause channel-to-channel skew on the received serial data streams. To compensate for channel-to-channel skew and establish the correct received word boundary at each channel, each receiver channel contains a data realignment circuit. The data realignment circuit realigns the data by inserting bit latencies into the serial stream.

To align the data manually, use the data realignment circuit to insert a latency of one RxFCLK cycle . The data realignment circuit slips the data one bit for every RX_DATA_ALIGN pulse. You must wait at least two core clock cycles before checking to see if the data is aligned. This wait is necessary because it takes at least two core clock cycles to purge the corrupted data.

An optional RX_CHANNEL_DATA_ALIGN port controls the bit insertion of each receiver independently of the internal logic. The data slips one bit on the rising edge of RX_CHANNEL_DATA_ALIGN.

The RX_CHANNEL_DATA_ALIGN signal has these requirements:

  • The minimum pulse width is one period of the parallel clock in the logic array.
  • The minimum low time between pulses is one period of the parallel clock.
  • The signal is edge-triggered.
  • The valid data is available two parallel clock cycles after the rising edge of RX_CHANNEL_DATA_ALIGN.
Figure 16. Data Realignment TimingThis figure shows receiver output (RX_OUT) after one bit slip pulse with the deserialization factor set to 4.


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