Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler Developer Guide and Reference

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Date 3/22/2024
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Document Table of Contents
Document Table of Contents x
Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler Developer Guide and Reference
Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler Developer Guide and Reference x
Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler Introduction Compiler Setup Compiler Reference Compilation Optimization and Programming Compatibility and Portability Notices and Disclaimers
Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler Introduction x
Get Help and Support Related Information
Compiler Setup x
Use the Command Line Use Eclipse Use Microsoft Visual Studio
Use the Command Line x
Specify Component Locations Invoke the Compiler Use the Command Line on Windows File Extensions Use Makefiles for Compilation Use CMake with the Compiler Use Compiler Options Specify Compiler Files Convert Projects to Use a Selected Compiler
Use Eclipse x
Add the Compiler to Eclipse Multiversion Compiler Support Use Cheat Sheets Create a Simple Eclipse Project Makefiles Use Intel Libraries with Eclipse
Use Microsoft Visual Studio x
Create a New Project Use the Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler Select the Compiler Version Specify a Base Platform Toolset Use Property Pages Use Intel® Libraries with Microsoft Visual Studio* Include MPI Support Dialog Box Help
Dialog Box Help x
Use Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler dialog box Hardware Profile-Guided Optimization dialog box Options: Compilers dialog box Options: Intel Libraries for oneAPI dialog box
Compiler Reference x
C/C++/SYCL Calling Conventions Compiler Options Floating-Point Operations Attributes Intrinsics Libraries Macros Pragmas Syntactic and Semantic Errors
Compiler Options x
Alphabetical Option List General Rules for Compiler Options What Appears in the Compiler Option Descriptions Optimization Options Code Generation Options Interprocedural Optimization Options Advanced Optimization Options Profile Guided Optimization Options Optimization Report Options Offload Compilation, OpenMP*, and Parallel Processing Options Floating-Point Options Inlining Options Output, Debug, and Precompiled Header Options Preprocessor Options Component Control Options Language Options Data Options Compiler Diagnostic Options Compatibility Options Linking or Linker Options Miscellaneous Options Deprecated and Removed Compiler Options Display Option Information Alternate Compiler Options Portability and GCC-Compatible Warning Options
Optimization Options x
fast fbuiltin, Oi foptimize-sibling-calls GF nolib-inline O Od Ofast Os Ot Ox
Code Generation Options x
arch ax, Qax EH fasynchronous-unwind-tables fcf-protection, Qcf-protection fdata-sections, Gw fexceptions ffunction-sections, Gy fomit-frame-pointer Gd GR guard Gv m, Qm m64, Qm64 m80387 march masm mauto-arch, Qauto-arch mbranches-within-32B-boundaries, Qbranches-within-32B-boundaries mintrinsic-promote, Qintrinsic-promote momit-leaf-frame-pointer mtune, tune regcall, Qregcall x, Qx xHost, QxHost
Interprocedural Optimization Options x
flto ipo, Qipo
Advanced Optimization Options x
ffreestanding, Qfreestanding fjump-tables fvec-peel-loops, Qvec-peel-loops fvec-remainder-loops, Qvec-remainder-loops fvec-with-mask, Qvec-with-mask ipp-link, Qipp-link mno-gather, Qgather- mno-scatter, Qscatter- qactypes, Qactypes qdaal, Qdaal qipp, Qipp qmkl, Qmkl qmkl-ilp64, Qmkl-ilp64 qopt-assume-no-loop-carried-dep, Qopt-assume-no-loop-carried-dep qopt-dynamic-align, Qopt-dynamic-align qopt-for-throughput, Qopt-for-throughput qopt-mem-layout-trans, Qopt-mem-layout-trans qopt-multiple-gather-scatter-by-shuffles, Qopt-multiple-gather-scatter-by-shuffles qopt-prefetch, Qopt-prefetch qopt-prefetch-distance, Qopt-prefetch-distance qopt-prefetch-loads-only, Qopt-prefetch-loads-only qopt-streaming-stores, Qopt-streaming-stores qtbb, Qtbb unroll, Qunroll vec, Qvec vec-threshold, Qvec-threshold vecabi, Qvecabi
Profile Guided Optimization Options x
fprofile-dwo-dir fprofile-ml-use fprofile-sample-generate fprofile-sample-use
Optimization Report Options x
qopt-report, Qopt-report qopt-report-file, Qopt-report-file qopt-report-stdout, Qopt-report-stdout
Offload Compilation, OpenMP*, and Parallel Processing Options x
device-math-lib fintelfpga fiopenmp, Qiopenmp flink-huge-device-code fno-sycl-libspirv foffload-static-lib fopenmp fopenmp-concurrent-host-device-compile, Qopenmp-concurrent-host-device-compile fopenmp-declare-target-scalar-defaultmap, Qopenmp-declare-target-scalar-defaultmap fopenmp-device-code-split, Qopenmp-device-code-split fopenmp-device-lib fopenmp-max-parallel-link-jobs, Qopenmp-max-parallel-link-jobs fopenmp-target-buffers, Qopenmp-target-buffers fopenmp-target-loopopt, Qopenmp-target-loopopt fopenmp-target-simd, Qopenmp-target-simd fopenmp-targets, Qopenmp-targets fsycl fsycl-add-targets fsycl-dead-args-optimization fsycl-device-code-split fsycl-device-lib fsycl-device-obj fsycl-device-only fsycl-early-optimizations fsycl-enable-function-pointers fsycl-esimd-force-stateless-mem fsycl-explicit-simd fsycl-force-target fsycl-help fsycl-host-compiler fsycl-host-compiler-options fsycl-id-queries-fit-in-int fsycl-instrument-device-code fsycl-link fsycl-link-huge-device-code fsycl-link-targets fsycl-max-parallel-link-jobs fsycl-optimize-non-user-code fsycl-pstl-offload fsycl-rdc fsycl-targets fsycl-unnamed-lambda fsycl-use-bitcode ftarget-compile-fast ftarget-export-symbols ftarget-register-alloc-mode, Qtarget-register-alloc-mode nolibsycl qopenmp, Qopenmp qopenmp-link qopenmp-simd, Qopenmp-simd qopenmp-stubs, Qopenmp-stubs reuse-exe Wno-sycl-strict Xopenmp-target Xs Xsycl-target
Floating-Point Options x
ffp-contract fimf-absolute-error, Qimf-absolute-error fimf-accuracy-bits, Qimf-accuracy-bits fimf-arch-consistency, Qimf-arch-consistency fimf-domain-exclusion, Qimf-domain-exclusion fimf-max-error, Qimf-max-error fimf-precision, Qimf-precision fimf-use-svml, Qimf-use-svml fma, Qfma fp-model, fp fp-speculation, Qfp-speculation ftz, Qftz pc, Qpc
Inlining Options x
fgnu89-inline finline finline-functions
Output, Debug, and Precompiled Header Options x
c debug (Linux*) debug (Windows*) Fa fasm-blocks Fe Fo Fp fverbose-asm g gdwarf grecord-gcc-switches gsplit-dwarf o S use-msasm Y- Yc Yu Zi, Z7, ZI
Preprocessor Options x
B C D dD, QdD dM, QdM E EP FI H, QH I idirafter imacros iprefix iquote isystem iwithprefix iwithprefixbefore M, QM MD, QMD MF, QMF MG, QMG MM, QMM MMD, QMMD MQ, QMQ MT, QMT nostdinc++ P TP U undef X
Component Control Options x
Qoption
Language Options x
ansi fno-gnu-keywords fno-operator-names fno-rtti fpermissive fshort-enums fsyntax-only, Zs funsigned-char, J std, Qstd strict-ansi vd vmg x (type option) Zc Zg Zp
Data Options x
fcommon fkeep-static-consts, Qkeep-static-consts fmath-errno fpack-struct fpic fpie fstack-protector fstack-security-check fvisibility fzero-initialized-in-bss, Qzero-initialized-in-bss GA Gs GS mcmodel Qlong-double
Compiler Diagnostic Options x
w W Wabi Wall Wcheck-unicode-security Wcomment Wdeprecated Werror, WX Werror-all Wextra-tokens Wformat Wformat-security Wmain Wmissing-declarations Wmissing-prototypes Wpointer-arith Wreorder Wreturn-type Wshadow Wsign-compare Wstrict-aliasing Wstrict-prototypes Wtrigraphs Wuninitialized Wunknown-pragmas Wunused-function Wunused-variable Wwrite-strings
Compatibility Options x
gcc-toolchain vmv
Linking or Linker Options x
F (Windows*) fixed fortlib fuse-ld l L LD link MD MT nodefaultlibs no-intel-lib, Qno-intel-lib nostartfiles nostdlib pie pthread shared shared-intel shared-libgcc static static-intel static-libgcc static-libstdc++ T u (Linux*) v Wa Wl Wp Xlinker Zl
Miscellaneous Options x
dryrun dumpmachine dumpversion fpreview-breaking-changes help nologo save-temps, Qsave-temps showIncludes sox, Qsox sysroot Tc TC Tp version
Floating-Point Operations x
Programming Tradeoffs in Floating-Point Applications Floating-Point Optimizations Denormal Numbers Floating-Point Environment Set the FTZ and DAZ Flags Tuning Performance IEEE Floating-Point Operations
Attributes x
align align_value allow_cpu_features code_align const cpu_dispatch, cpu_specific target
Libraries x
Create Libraries Use Intel Shared Libraries on Linux Manage Libraries Redistribute Libraries When Deploying Applications Resolve References to Shared Libraries Redistributable Library Considerations Sanitizers Intel's Memory Allocator Library SIMD Data Layout Templates Intel® C++ Class Libraries Intel's C++ Asynchronous I/O Extensions for Windows IEEE 754-2008 Binary Floating-Point Conformance Library Intel's Numeric String Conversion Library
SIMD Data Layout Templates x
Function Calls and Containers User-Level Interface Examples
Function Calls and Containers x
Construct an n_container Bounds
User-Level Interface x
SDLT Primitives soa1d_container aos1d_container n_container Bounds Accessors Proxy Objects Number Representation Indexes Convenience and Correctness
aos1d_container x
access_by
n_container x
Layouts Shape make_ n_container template function extent_d template function
Shape x
n_extent_generator
Bounds x
bounds_t sdlt::bounds Template Function n_bounds_t n_bounds_generator bounds_d Template Function
Accessors x
soa1d_container::accessor and aos1d_container::accessor soa1d_container::const_accessor and aos1d_container::const_accessor Accessor Concept
Proxy Objects x
Proxy ConstProxy
Number Representation x
aligned_offset fixed_offset
Indexes x
linear_index n_index_t n_index_generator index_d template function
Convenience and Correctness x
max_val min_val
Examples x
Efficiency with Structure of Arrays Example Complex SDLT Primitive Construction Example Forward Dependency Example Use of Offsets and Methods on a SDLT Primitive Example RGB to YUV Conversion Example
Intel® C++ Class Libraries x
C++ Classes and SIMD Operations Capabilities of C++ SIMD Classes Integer Vector Classes Floating-Point Vector Classes Classes Quick Reference Programming Example Intel's valarray Implementation
Integer Vector Classes x
Terms and Syntax Rules for Operators Assignment Operator Logical Operators Addition and Subtraction Operators Multiplication Operators Shift Operators Comparison Operators Conditional Select Operators Debug Operations Unpack Operators Pack Operators Clear MMX™ State Operator Integer Functions for Intel® Streaming SIMD Extensions Conversions between Fvec and Ivec
Floating-Point Vector Classes x
Fvec Syntax and Notation Data Alignment Conversions Constructors and Initialization Arithmetic Operators Minimum and Maximum Operators Logical Operators Compare Operators Conditional Select Operators for Fvec Classes Cacheability Support Operators Debug Operations Load and Store Operators Unpack Operators Move Mask Operators
Intel's C++ Asynchronous I/O Extensions for Windows x
Intel's C++ Asynchronous I/O Library for Windows Intel's C++ Asynchronous I/O Class for Windows
Intel's C++ Asynchronous I/O Library for Windows x
aio_read aio_write Example for aio_read and aio_write Functions aio_suspend Example for aio_suspend Function aio_error aio_return Example for aio_error and aio_return Functions aio_fsync aio_cancel Example for aio_cancel Function lio_listio Example for lio_listio Function Asynchronous I/O Function Errors
Intel's C++ Asynchronous I/O Class for Windows x
Template Class async_class get_last_operation_id wait get_status get_last_error get_error_operation_id stop_queue resume_queue clear_queue Example for Using async_class Template Class
IEEE 754-2008 Binary Floating-Point Conformance Library x
Intel® IEEE 754-2008 Binary Floating-Point Conformance Library and Usage Function List Homogeneous General-Computational Operations Functions General-Computational Operation Functions Quiet-Computational Operations Functions Signaling-Computational Operations Functions Non-Computational Operations Functions
Intel's Numeric String Conversion Library x
Use Intel's Numeric String Conversion Library Function List
Macros x
ISO Standard Predefined Macros Additional Predefined Macros Use Predefined Macros to Specify Intel® Compilers
Pragmas x
Intel-Specific Pragma Reference Intel-Supported Pragma Reference
Intel-Specific Pragma Reference x
block_loop/noblock_loop distribute_point inline, noinline, forceinline ivdep loop_count nofusion novector omp target variant dispatch ompx prefetch data prefetch/noprefetch unroll/nounroll unroll_and_jam/nounroll_and_jam vector
Compilation x
Compilation Overview Supported Environment Variables Pass Options to the Linker Specify Alternate Tools Use Configuration Files Use Response Files Global Symbols and Visibility Attributes for Linux* Save Compiler Information in Your Executable Link Debug Information Ahead of Time Compilation Device Offload Compilation Considerations Use a Third-Party Compiler as a Host Compiler for SYCL Code
Optimization and Programming x
Extensions OpenMP* Support Intel® oneAPI Level Zero Vectorization Instrumented Profile-Guided Optimization Hardware Profile-Guided Optimization High-Level Optimization Interprocedural Optimization Methods to Optimize Code Size Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler Math Library
OpenMP* Support x
Add OpenMP* Support Parallel Processing Model Worksharing Using OpenMP* Control Thread Allocation OpenMP* Pragmas OpenMP* Library Support OpenMP* Contexts OpenMP* Advanced Issues OpenMP* Implementation-Defined Behaviors OpenMP* Examples
OpenMP* Library Support x
OpenMP* Runtime Library Routines Intel® Compiler Extension Routines to OpenMP* OpenMP* Support Libraries Use the OpenMP Libraries Thread Affinity Interface OpenMP* Memory Spaces and Allocators
OpenMP* Contexts x
OpenMP* Context Selectors Score and Match Context Selectors
Intel® oneAPI Level Zero x
Intel® oneAPI Level Zero Switch Intel® oneAPI Level Zero Backend Specification Programming with the Intel® oneAPI Level Zero Backend
Vectorization x
Automatic Vectorization Explicit Vector Programming
Automatic Vectorization x
Vectorization Programming Guidelines Use Automatic Vectorization Vectorization and Loops Loop Constructs
Explicit Vector Programming x
User-Mandated or SIMD Vectorization SIMD-Enabled Functions SIMD-Enabled Function Pointers Function Annotations and the SIMD Directive for Vectorization Explicit SIMD SYCL Extension
Interprocedural Optimization x
Use Interprocedural Optimization Performance Considerations Create a Library from IPO Objects Inline Expansion of Functions
Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler Math Library x
Use the Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler Math Library Math Function List Trigonometric Functions Hyperbolic Functions Exponential Functions Special Functions Nearest Integer Functions Remainder Functions Miscellaneous Functions Complex Functions C99 Macros
Compatibility and Portability x
Standards Conformance GCC Compatibility and Interoperability Microsoft Compatibility Port from Microsoft Visual C++* to the Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler Port from GCC* to the Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler
Port from Microsoft Visual C++* to the Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler x
Modify Your makefile Other Considerations
Port from GCC* to the Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler x
Modify Your makefile Other Considerations Set the Environment Use Optimization Target Intel® Processors Modify Your Configuration Use the Intel Libraries See Also
Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler Developer Guide and Reference

Other Considerations

There are some notable differences between the Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler and GCC*. Consider the following as you begin compiling your source code with the Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler.

Set the Environment

The Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler relies on environment variables for the location of compiler binaries, libraries, man pages, and license files. In some cases these are different from the environment variables that GCC uses. Another difference is that these variables are not set by default after installing the Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler. The following environment variables must be set prior to running the Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler:

  • PATH: Adds the location of the compiler binaries to PATH.

  • LD_LIBRARY_PATH: Sets the location where the generated executable picks up the runtime libraries (*.so files).

  • MANPATH : Adds the location of the compiler man pages to MANPATH.

To set these environment variables, you can source the setvars.sh script (e.g. source setvars.sh).

NOTE:

Setting these environment variables with setvars.sh does not impose a conflict with GCC. You should be able to use both compilers in the same shell.

Use Optimization

The Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler is an optimizing compiler that begins with the assumption that you want improved performance from your application when it is executed on Intel® architecture. Consequently, certain optimizations, such as option O2, are part of the default invocation of the Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler. Optimization is turned off in GCC by default, the equivalent of compiling with option O0. Other forms of the O<n> option compare as follows:

Option

Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler

GCC

-O0

Turns off optimization.

Default. Turns off optimization.

-O1

Decreases code size with some increase in speed.

Decreases code size with some increase in speed.

-O2

Default. Favors speed optimization with some increase in code size. Same as option O. Intrinsics, loop unrolling, and inlining are performed.

Optimizes for speed as long as there is not an increase in code size. Loop unrolling and function inlining, for example, are not performed.

-O3

Enables option O2 optimizations plus more aggressive optimizations, such as prefetching, scalar replacement, and loop and memory access transformations.

Optimizes for speed while generating larger code size. Includes option O2 optimizations plus loop unrolling and inlining.

Target Intel® Processors

While many of the same options that target specific processors are supported with both compilers, Intel includes options that utilize processor-specific instruction scheduling to target the latest Intel® processors.

Modify Your Configuration

The Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler lets you maintain configuration and response files that are part of compilation. Options stored in the configuration file apply to every compilation, while options stored in response files apply only where they are added on the command line. If you have several options in your makefile that apply to every build, you may find it easier to move these options to the configuration file (icx.cfg or icpx.cfg).

In a multi-user, networked environment, options listed in the icx.cfg or icpx.cfg files are generally intended for everyone who uses the compiler. If you need a separate configuration, you can use the ICXCFG or ICPXCFGenvironment variable to specify the name and location of your own .cfg file, such as /my_code/my_config.cfg. Anytime you instruct the compiler to use a different configuration file, the system configuration files (icx.cfg or icpx.cfg) are ignored.

Use the Intel Libraries

The Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler supplies additional libraries that contain optimized implementations of many commonly used functions. Some of these functions are implemented using CPU dispatch. This means that different code may be executed when run on different processors.

Supplied libraries include the Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler Math Library (libimf), the Short Vector Math Library (libsvml), libirc, as well as others. These libraries are linked in by default. Some library functions, such as sin or memset, may not require a call to the library, since the compiler may inline the code for the function.

NOTE:
The Intel Compiler Math Libraries contain performance-optimized implementations for various Intel platforms. By default, the best implementation for the underlying hardware is selected at runtime. The library dispatch of multi-threaded code may lead to apparent data races, which may be detected by certain software analysis tools. However, as long as the threads are running on cores with the same CPUID, these data races are harmless and are not a cause for concern.

Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler Math Library (libimf)

With the Intel® Compiler, the math library, libimf, is linked by default. Some functions, such as sin, may not require a call to the library, since the compiler already knows how to compute the sin function. The math library also includes some functions not found in the standard math library.

NOTE:

You cannot make calls to the math library with GCC.

Many routines in the libimf library are more optimized for Intel® microprocessors than for non-Intel microprocessors.

Short Vector Math Library (libsvml)

When vectorization is being done, the compiler may translate some calls to the libimf math library functions into calls to libsvml functions. These functions implement the same basic operations as the math library, but operate on short vectors of operands. This results in greater efficiency. In some cases, the libsvml functions are slightly less precise than the equivalent libimf functions.

Many routines in the libimf library are more optimized for Intel® microprocessors than for non-Intel microprocessors.

libirc

libirc contains optimized implementations of some commonly used string and memory functions. For example, it contains functions that are optimized versions of memcpy and memset. The compiler will automatically generate calls to these functions when it sees calls to memcpy and memset. The compiler may also transform loops that are equivalent to memcpy or memset into calls to these functions.

Many routines in the libirc library are more optimized for Intel® microprocessors than for non-Intel microprocessors.

Product and Performance Information

Performance varies by use, configuration and other factors. Learn more at www.Intel.com/PerformanceIndex.

Notice revision #20201201

Parent topic: Port from GCC* to the Intel® oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler
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