F-tile Architecture and PMA and FEC Direct PHY IP User Guide

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Date 6/24/2022
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Document Table of Contents
Document Table of Contents x
1. F-tile Overview 2. F-tile Architecture 3. Implementing the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP 4. Implementing the F-Tile Reference and System PLL Clocks Intel® FPGA IP 5. Implementing the F-Tile Global Avalon® Memory-Mapped Interface Intel® FPGA IP 6. F-tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Design Implementation 7. Supported Tools 8. Debugging F-Tile Transceiver Links 9. F-tile Architecture and PMA and FEC Direct PHY IP User Guide Archives 10. Document Revision History for F-tile Architecture and PMA and FEC Direct PHY IP User Guide
2. F-tile Architecture x
2.1. F-Tile Building Blocks 2.2. F-Tile Placement Rules 2.3. PMA Architecture 2.4. Clock Architecture
2.1. F-Tile Building Blocks x
2.1.1. FHT and FGT PMAs 2.1.2. 400G Hard IP and 200G Hard IP 2.1.3. PMA Data Rates 2.1.4. FEC Architecture 2.1.5. PCIe* Hard IP 2.1.6. Bonding Architecture 2.1.7. Deskew Logic 2.1.8. Embedded Multi-die Interconnect Bridge (EMIB) 2.1.9. IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol for Ethernet 2.1.10. Clock Networks 2.1.11. Reconfiguration Interfaces
2.2. F-Tile Placement Rules x
2.2.1. PMA-to-Fracture Mapping 2.2.2. Determining Which PMA to Map to Which Fracture 2.2.3. Hard IP Placement Rules 2.2.4. IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol Placement Rules 2.2.5. Topologies 2.2.6. FEC Placement Rules 2.2.7. Clock Rules and Restrictions 2.2.8. Bonding Placement Rules 2.2.9. Preserving Unused PMA Lanes
2.2.1. PMA-to-Fracture Mapping x
2.2.1.1. FHT-PMA-to-400G-Hard-IP-Fracture Mapping 2.2.1.2. FGT-PMA-to-400G-Hard-IP-Fracture Mapping 2.2.1.3. FGT-PMA-to-200G-Hard-IP-Fracture Mapping
2.2.2. Determining Which PMA to Map to Which Fracture x
2.2.2.1. Implementing One 200GbE-4 Interface with 400G Hard IP and FHT 2.2.2.2. Implementing One 200GbE-2 Interface with 400G Hard IP and FHT 2.2.2.3. Implementing One 100GbE-1 Interface with 400G Hard IP and FHT 2.2.2.4. Implementing One 100GbE-4 Interface with 400G Hard IP and FGT 2.2.2.5. Implementing One 10GbE-1 Interface with 200G Hard IP and FGT 2.2.2.6. Implementing Three 25GbE-1 Interfaces with 400G Hard IP and FHT 2.2.2.7. Implementing One 50GbE-1 and Two 25GbE-1 Interfaces with 400G Hard IP and FHT 2.2.2.8. Implementing One 100GbE-1 and Two 25GbE-1 Interfaces with 400G Hard IP and FHT 2.2.2.9. Implementing Two 100GbE-1 and One 25GbE-1 Interfaces with 400G Hard IP and FHT 2.2.2.10. Implementing 100GbE-1, 100GbE-2, and 50GbE-1 Interfaces with 400G Hard IP and FHT
2.2.5. Topologies x
2.2.5.1. Topology 5: 400G Hard IP (FHT) + 200G Hard IP (FGT) Example 2.2.5.2. Topology 14: 1x PCIe x4 + 400G Hard IP (FGT) with PTP Example
2.2.8. Bonding Placement Rules x
2.2.8.1. Bonded Lanes Use Case 1 2.2.8.2. Bonded Lanes Use Case 2
2.3. PMA Architecture x
2.3.1. FHT PMA Architecture 2.3.2. FGT PMA Architecture
2.3.1. FHT PMA Architecture x
2.3.1.1. FHT Transmitter PMA Architecture 2.3.1.2. FHT Receiver PMA Architecture 2.3.1.3. FHT PMA Loopback Modes
2.3.1.1. FHT Transmitter PMA Architecture x
2.3.1.1.1. FHT Transmitter Buffer and Phase Generator 2.3.1.1.2. FHT Serializer 2.3.1.1.3. FHT Gray-Coder and Pre-Coder 2.3.1.1.4. FHT Data Pattern Generator and Verifier
2.3.1.2. FHT Receiver PMA Architecture x
2.3.1.2.1. FHT Receiver Buffer and Equalizer 2.3.1.2.2. CDR Block 2.3.1.2.3. FHT Deserializer
2.3.2. FGT PMA Architecture x
2.3.2.1. FGT Transmitter PMA Architecture 2.3.2.2. FGT Receiver PMA Architecture 2.3.2.3. FGT PMA Tuning 2.3.2.4. FGT PMA Loopback Modes
2.3.2.1. FGT Transmitter PMA Architecture x
2.3.2.1.1. FGT Transmitter Buffer and Phase Generator 2.3.2.1.2. FGT Serializer 2.3.2.1.3. FGT Gray-Coder and Pre-Coder 2.3.2.1.4. FGT Data Pattern Generator and Verifier
2.3.2.2. FGT Receiver PMA Architecture x
2.3.2.2.1. FGT Receiver Buffer and Equalizer 2.3.2.2.2. Control Unit 2.3.2.2.3. FGT Deserializer
2.4. Clock Architecture x
2.4.1. Reference Clock Network 2.4.2. Datapath Clock Network 2.4.3. System PLL 2.4.4. Datapath Clock Cadences
2.4.1. Reference Clock Network x
2.4.1.1. FHT Reference Clock Network 2.4.1.2. FGT and System PLL Reference Clock Network 2.4.1.3. FGT Primary PLL Configuration
3. Implementing the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP x
3.1. F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP Overview 3.2. Designing with F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP 3.3. Configuring the IP 3.4. Signal and Port Reference 3.5. Bit Mapping for PMA and FEC Mode PHY TX and RX Datapath 3.6. Clocking 3.7. Custom Cadence Generation Ports and Logic 3.8. Asserting Reset 3.9. Bonding Implementation 3.10. Independent Port Configurations 3.11. Configuration Registers 3.12. Configurable Intel® Quartus® Prime Software Settings 3.13. Configuring the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP for Hardware Testing 3.14. Hardware Configuration Using the Avalon® Memory-Mapped Interface
3.1. F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP Overview x
3.1.1. PMA Direct Supported Modes 3.1.2. FEC Direct Supported Modes 3.1.3. Unsupported PMA/FEC Modes
3.2. Designing with F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP x
3.2.1. Preset IP Parameter Settings
3.3. Configuring the IP x
3.3.1. General and Common Datapath Options 3.3.2. TX Datapath Options 3.3.3. RX Datapath Options 3.3.4. RS-FEC (Reed Solomon Forward Error Correction) Options 3.3.5. Avalon® Memory Mapped Interface Options 3.3.6. Register Map IP-XACT Support 3.3.7. Example Design Generation
3.3.2. TX Datapath Options x
3.3.2.1. TX PMA interface Parameters
3.3.3. RX Datapath Options x
3.3.3.1. RX FGT PMA Interface Options
3.4. Signal and Port Reference x
3.4.1. TX and RX Parallel and Serial Interface Signals 3.4.2. TX and RX Reference Clock and Clock Output Interface Signals 3.4.3. Reset Signals 3.4.4. RS-FEC Signals 3.4.5. Custom Cadence Control and Status Signals 3.4.6. TX PMA Status Signals 3.4.7. RX PMA Status Signals 3.4.8. TX and RX PMA and Core Interface FIFO Signals 3.4.9. PMA Avalon® Memory Mapped Interface Signals 3.4.10. Datapath Avalon® Memory Mapped Interface Signals
3.4.10. Datapath Avalon® Memory Mapped Interface Signals x
3.4.10.1. Number of Datapath Memory Mapped Avalon® Interfaces and Additional Address Bits per Interface
3.5. Bit Mapping for PMA and FEC Mode PHY TX and RX Datapath x
3.5.1. Parallel Data Mapping Information 3.5.2. TX and RX Parallel Data Mapping Information for Different Configurations 3.5.3. Example of TX Parallel Data for PMA Width = 8, 10, 16, 20, 32 (X=1) 3.5.4. Example of TX Parallel Data for PMA width = 64 (X=2) 3.5.5. Example of TX Parallel Data for PMA width = 64 (X=2) for FEC Direct Mode
3.6. Clocking x
3.6.1. Clock Ports 3.6.2. Recommended tx/rx_coreclkin Connection and tx/rx_clkout2 Source 3.6.3. Port Widths and Recommended Connections for tx/rx_coreclkin, tx/rx_clkout, and tx/rx_clkout2 3.6.4. FGT PMA Fractional Mode 3.6.5. FGT Core PLL Mode
3.7. Custom Cadence Generation Ports and Logic x
3.7.1. Enabling the tx_cadence_slow_clk_locked Port 3.7.2. Rate Match FIFO
3.8. Asserting Reset x
3.8.1. Reset Signal Requirements 3.8.2. Power On Reset Requirements 3.8.3. Reset Signals—Block Level 3.8.4. Reset Signals—Descriptions 3.8.5. Status Signals—Descriptions 3.8.6. Run-time Reset Sequence—TX 3.8.7. Run-time Reset Sequence—RX 3.8.8. Run-time Reset Sequence—TX + RX 3.8.9. Run-time Reset Sequence—TX with FEC
3.8.8. Run-time Reset Sequence—TX + RX x
3.8.8.1. Run-time Reset Sequence Approximate Time Durations
3.11. Configuration Registers x
3.11.1. PMA and FEC Direct PHY Soft CSR Register Map 3.11.2. FHT PMA Register Map 3.11.3. FGT PMA Register Map 3.11.4. FEC Register Map 3.11.5. Lane Offset Address 3.11.6. Logical Avalon® Memory-Mapped Port Indexing
3.11.6. Logical Avalon® Memory-Mapped Port Indexing x
3.11.6.1. FGT PMA Lane Addressing Example 1 3.11.6.2. FGT PMA Lane Addressing Example 2
3.13. Configuring the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP for Hardware Testing x
3.13.1. Using Debug Endpoint Interface within the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP 3.13.2. Using JTAG to Avalon® Master Bridge Intel FPGA IP
3.13.1. Using Debug Endpoint Interface within the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP x
3.13.1.1. RTL Connection Example for Debug Endpoint Avalon® Interface
3.13.2. Using JTAG to Avalon® Master Bridge Intel FPGA IP x
3.13.2.1. RTL Connection Example for JTAG to Avalon® Master Bridge Intel IP
3.14. Hardware Configuration Using the Avalon® Memory-Mapped Interface x
3.14.1. FHT PMA 3.14.2. FGT PMA
3.14.1. FHT PMA x
3.14.1.1. Enabling Loopback 3.14.1.2. Enabling the PRBS Generator and Verifier 3.14.1.3. TX Equalizer Settings 3.14.1.4. TX Error Injection 3.14.1.5. RX Reconvergence 3.14.1.6. Preserving Unused Lanes
3.14.2. FGT PMA x
3.14.2.1. Direct Register Method 3.14.2.2. FGT Attribute Access Method
3.14.2.1. Direct Register Method x
3.14.2.1.1. Direct Register Method Example
3.14.2.2. FGT Attribute Access Method x
3.14.2.2.1. FGT Attribute Access Method Example 1 3.14.2.2.2. FGT Attribute Access Method Example 2 3.14.2.2.3. FGT Attribute Access Method Example 3
4. Implementing the F-Tile Reference and System PLL Clocks Intel® FPGA IP x
4.1. IP Parameters 4.2. IP Port List 4.3. Mode of System PLL - System PLL Reference Clock and Output Frequencies 4.4. Guidelines for F-Tile Reference and System PLL Clocks Intel® FPGA IP Usage 4.5. Guidelines to Indicate all System PLL Reference Clocks are Ready
4.5. Guidelines to Indicate all System PLL Reference Clocks are Ready x
4.5.1. Example of Reference Clock Availability at Device Programming 4.5.2. Example Flow to Indicate All System PLL Reference Clocks are Ready
5. Implementing the F-Tile Global Avalon® Memory-Mapped Interface Intel® FPGA IP x
5.1. IP Parameters 5.2. IP Port List 5.3. Hardware Flow Using the F-Tile Global Avalon® Memory-Mapped Interface Intel® FPGA IP
6. F-tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Design Implementation x
6.1. Implementing the F-tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Design 6.2. Instantiating the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP 6.3. Implementing a RS-FEC Direct Design in the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP 6.4. Instantiating the F-Tile Reference and System PLL Clocks Intel® FPGA IP 6.5. Enabling Custom Cadence Generation Ports and Logic 6.6. Connecting the F-tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Design IP 6.7. Simulating the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Design 6.8. F-tile Interface Planning
6.2. Instantiating the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP x
6.2.1. Setting General and Common Datapath Options 6.2.2. Setting TX Datapath Options 6.2.3. Setting RX Datapath Options
6.7. Simulating the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Design x
6.7.1. PAM4 Encoding Schemes in Simulation
6.8. F-tile Interface Planning x
6.8.1. F-tile Interface Planner Usage Example
7. Supported Tools x
7.1. F-Tile Channel Placement Tool 7.2. F-Tile PMA and FEC Direct Port Mapping Calculator 7.3. F-Tile Clocking and Datapath Tool 7.4. F-Tile TX Equalizer Tool
8. Debugging F-Tile Transceiver Links x
8.1. F-Tile Transceiver Toolkit GUI 8.2. F-Tile Transceiver Debugging Flow Walkthrough 8.3. Transceiver Toolkit Parameter Settings 8.4. Troubleshooting Common Errors
8.1. F-Tile Transceiver Toolkit GUI x
8.1.1. Collection View
8.2. F-Tile Transceiver Debugging Flow Walkthrough x
8.2.1. Modifying the Design to Enable F-Tile Transceiver Debug 8.2.2. Programming the Design into an Intel FPGA 8.2.3. Loading the Design to the Transceiver Toolkit 8.2.4. Creating Transceiver Links 8.2.5. Running BER Tests 8.2.6. Running Eye Viewer Tests 8.2.7. Running Link Optimization Tests
1. F-tile Overview
2. F-tile Architecture
3. Implementing the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP
4. Implementing the F-Tile Reference and System PLL Clocks Intel® FPGA IP
5. Implementing the F-Tile Global Avalon® Memory-Mapped Interface Intel® FPGA IP
6. F-tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Design Implementation
7. Supported Tools
8. Debugging F-Tile Transceiver Links
9. F-tile Architecture and PMA and FEC Direct PHY IP User Guide Archives
10. Document Revision History for F-tile Architecture and PMA and FEC Direct PHY IP User Guide

3.3.3. RX Datapath Options

Figure 63. RX Datapath Options in Parameter Editor
Table 31.  RX FGT PMA Parameters
Parameter Values Description
Enable Gray coding On/Off Enables Gray coding. Applicable to PAM4 encoding only. When Off, link partner must send gray code set to 0xB4. When On, link partner must send gray code set to 0x6C. Must be Off for normal operation, or when in internal/external loopback mode). Default value is Off.
Enable precoding On/Off Enables precoding. Applicable to PAM4 encoding only. Default value is Off.
PRBS generator mode 23 disable, PRBS7, PRBS9, PRBS10, PRBS13, PRBS15, PRBS23, PRBS28, PRBS31, QPRBS13, PRBS13Q, PRBS31Q, SSPR, SSPR1, SSPRQ Enables hard PRBS generator with the PRBS polynomial selection. Default value is disable.
Enable SATA squelch detection On/Off Enables squelch detection for SATA. Default value is Off.
Enable fgt_rx_signal_detect port On/Off Enables the fgt_rx_signal_detect port. Default value is Off.
Enable fgt_rx_signal_detect_lfps port On/Off Enables the fgt_rx_signal_detect_lfps port. Default value is Off.
Enable rx_cdr_divclk_link0 port On/Off Enables the link port representing RX CDR clock output from RX PMA to the reference clock pin. The connection made from this port to the F-Tile Reference and System PLL Clocks Intel® FPGA IP guides the Fitter to determine the physical pin. Do not use this pin itself in simulation to observe clock behavior. Observe the actual clock behavior in the related output port of the F-Tile Reference and System PLL Clocks Intel® FPGA IP. The physical port is typically used for CPRI. You can connect the physical port to the physical reference clock pin 8 or 9 for configuration as RX CDR clock output. This setting is applicable for FGT PMA only. Default value is Off.
Selected rx_cdr_divclk_link0 source 0 to N-1, N = Number of PMA Lanes) Determines which RX FGT PMA lane is sourcing fgt_rx_cdr_divclk_link0. Note that FGT PMA index used in this parameter is logical. The selected PMA lane must be physically mapped to FGT Quad 3 (with reference clock 9) or FGT Quad 2 (with reference clock 8). If Enable rx_cdr_divclk_link0 port is off, this parameter is ignored. Default value is Off.
Enable rx_cdr_divclk_link1 port On/Off Enables the link port representing RX CDR clock output from RX PMA to the reference clock pin. The connection made from this port to the F-Tile Reference and System PLL Clocks Intel® FPGA IP guides the Fitter to determine the physical pin. Do not use this pin itself in simulation to observe clock behavior. Observe the actual clock behavior in the related output port of the F-Tile Reference and System PLL Clocks Intel® FPGA IP. The physical port is typically used for CPRI. You can connect the physical port to the physical reference clock pin 8 or 9 for configuration as RX CDR clock output. This setting is applicable for FGT PMA only. Default value is Off.
Selected rx_cdr_divclk_link1 source 0 to N-1 N = Number of PMA Lanes) Determines which RX FGT PMA lane is sourcing fgt_rx_cdr_divclk_link1. Note that FGT PMA index used in this parameter is logical. The selected PMA lane must be physically mapped to FGT Quad 3 (with reference clock 9) or FGT Quad 2 (with reference clock 8). If Enable rx_cdr_divclk_link1 port is off, this parameter is ignored. Default value is Off.
Enable fgt_rx_set_locktoref port On/Off Asserting this signal keeps CDR in lock to reference mode. Deasserting this signal keeps CDR in auto mode. When switching modes, assert reset. In manual reference clock mode, switch the reset controller to ignore locktodata mode through appropriate write to soft CSRs. Default value is Off.
Enable fgt_rx_cdr_freeze port On/Off

This port is for GPON to freeze the CDR lock state during non-active time-slots. Default value is Off.

RX FGT CDR Settings
Output frequency 12890.625MHz Specifies the non editable RX FGT CDR output frequency initial value derived from the IP configuration.
VCO frequency 12890.625MHz Specifies the non editable RX FGT CDR VCO output frequency initial value derived from the IP configuration.
RX FGT CDR reference clock frequency 25.781250-250.000000 Selects the reference clock frequency (MHz) for CDR. Default value is 156.25.
RX User Clock Setting
Enable RX user clock On/Off Divider values of RX CDR output frequency. If the clock is not used, you can disable the clock to save power. This clock source drives both RX User Clock1 and User Clock 2 in the Core Interface. Default value is Off.
RX user clock div by 12- 139.5 Division factor from Fvco of RX CDR to RX user clock. Values from 12 to 139.5 are acceptable in 0.5 increments. Default value is 100.
Figure 64. RX FHT PMA Parameters in Parameter Editor
Table 32.  RX FHT PMA Parameters
Parameter Values Description
Enable FHT RX PAM4 Level Alternative Coding On/Off Enable this for RX PAM4 Level Alternative Coding. When disabled, link partner must send gray code set to 0xB4. When enabled, link partner must send gray code set to 0x6C. You must disable this parameter for normal operation or when in internal or external loopback. Default value is Off.
Enable FHT RX P&N Invert Disabled/Enabled Enable this to invert RX P and N input. Default is Disabled.
Enable FHT RX data profile Disabled/Enabled Enable FHT RX data profile to set the threshold for number of 1’s in 1M RX Data bits that determine the quality of RX data. If the number of 1's received is not within the specified min and max threshold, then RX bad status is indicated. You determine the threshold minimum and maximum based on your data and specify it in FHT RX data 1 count maximum and FHT RX data 1 count minimum parameters described below. Default is Disabled.
Note: This parameter must be Enabled.
FHT Rx data 1 count maximum 550000 Selects high threshold of 1s in 1M RX data bits. Default is 550000. Recommended value is 550000. Must be used in conjunction with the Enable FHT RX data profile parameter.
FHT Rx data 1 count minimum 450000 Selects low threshold of 1s in 1M RX data bits. Default is 450000. Recommended value is 450000. Must be used in conjunction with the Enable FHT RX data profile parameter.
FHT RX user clk div33_34 select

RX_DIV_33

RX_DIV_34

RX_DIV_66

RX_DIV_68

Selects one of the four DIV clock output for the RX user clock. Refer to Clocking. Default is RX_DIV_66.
Enable FHT RX pre-encoder On/Off Enables FHT TX pre-encoder. Default value is off. This setting must match the link partner's RX pre-encoder setting.
Enable FHT RX user clk1 On/Off Enables FHT RX user clk1. Default is Off.
FHT RX user clk1 select

DIV3334

DIV40

FHT RX user clk1 select. Off selects div3334 (one of the four DIV clocks listed in user div33_34). On selects DIV40 clock. Refer to Clocking. Default is div3334.
Enable FHT RX user clk2 On/Off Enables FHT RX user clk2. Default value is Off.
FHT RX user clk2 select

DIV3334

DIV40

FHT RX user clk2 select. Off selects div3334 (one of the four DIV clocks listed in user div33_34). On selects DIV40 clock. Refer to Clocking. Default is div3334.

Section Content
RX FGT PMA Interface Options

23

The PRBS31, QPRBS13, PRBS13Q, PRBS31Q, SSPR, SSPR1, and SSPRQ PRBS generator mode settings are not currently supported through the IP GUI, although present in the parameter editor. Do not select any of the unsupported PRBS generator mode settings. Specify these settings using registers.

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