F-tile Architecture and PMA and FEC Direct PHY IP User Guide

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Date 6/24/2022
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Document Table of Contents
Document Table of Contents x
1. F-tile Overview 2. F-tile Architecture 3. Implementing the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP 4. Implementing the F-Tile Reference and System PLL Clocks Intel® FPGA IP 5. Implementing the F-Tile Global Avalon® Memory-Mapped Interface Intel® FPGA IP 6. F-tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Design Implementation 7. Supported Tools 8. Debugging F-Tile Transceiver Links 9. F-tile Architecture and PMA and FEC Direct PHY IP User Guide Archives 10. Document Revision History for F-tile Architecture and PMA and FEC Direct PHY IP User Guide
2. F-tile Architecture x
2.1. F-Tile Building Blocks 2.2. F-Tile Placement Rules 2.3. PMA Architecture 2.4. Clock Architecture
2.1. F-Tile Building Blocks x
2.1.1. FHT and FGT PMAs 2.1.2. 400G Hard IP and 200G Hard IP 2.1.3. PMA Data Rates 2.1.4. FEC Architecture 2.1.5. PCIe* Hard IP 2.1.6. Bonding Architecture 2.1.7. Deskew Logic 2.1.8. Embedded Multi-die Interconnect Bridge (EMIB) 2.1.9. IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol for Ethernet 2.1.10. Clock Networks 2.1.11. Reconfiguration Interfaces
2.2. F-Tile Placement Rules x
2.2.1. PMA-to-Fracture Mapping 2.2.2. Determining Which PMA to Map to Which Fracture 2.2.3. Hard IP Placement Rules 2.2.4. IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol Placement Rules 2.2.5. Topologies 2.2.6. FEC Placement Rules 2.2.7. Clock Rules and Restrictions 2.2.8. Bonding Placement Rules 2.2.9. Preserving Unused PMA Lanes
2.2.1. PMA-to-Fracture Mapping x
2.2.1.1. FHT-PMA-to-400G-Hard-IP-Fracture Mapping 2.2.1.2. FGT-PMA-to-400G-Hard-IP-Fracture Mapping 2.2.1.3. FGT-PMA-to-200G-Hard-IP-Fracture Mapping
2.2.2. Determining Which PMA to Map to Which Fracture x
2.2.2.1. Implementing One 200GbE-4 Interface with 400G Hard IP and FHT 2.2.2.2. Implementing One 200GbE-2 Interface with 400G Hard IP and FHT 2.2.2.3. Implementing One 100GbE-1 Interface with 400G Hard IP and FHT 2.2.2.4. Implementing One 100GbE-4 Interface with 400G Hard IP and FGT 2.2.2.5. Implementing One 10GbE-1 Interface with 200G Hard IP and FGT 2.2.2.6. Implementing Three 25GbE-1 Interfaces with 400G Hard IP and FHT 2.2.2.7. Implementing One 50GbE-1 and Two 25GbE-1 Interfaces with 400G Hard IP and FHT 2.2.2.8. Implementing One 100GbE-1 and Two 25GbE-1 Interfaces with 400G Hard IP and FHT 2.2.2.9. Implementing Two 100GbE-1 and One 25GbE-1 Interfaces with 400G Hard IP and FHT 2.2.2.10. Implementing 100GbE-1, 100GbE-2, and 50GbE-1 Interfaces with 400G Hard IP and FHT
2.2.5. Topologies x
2.2.5.1. Topology 5: 400G Hard IP (FHT) + 200G Hard IP (FGT) Example 2.2.5.2. Topology 14: 1x PCIe x4 + 400G Hard IP (FGT) with PTP Example
2.2.8. Bonding Placement Rules x
2.2.8.1. Bonded Lanes Use Case 1 2.2.8.2. Bonded Lanes Use Case 2
2.3. PMA Architecture x
2.3.1. FHT PMA Architecture 2.3.2. FGT PMA Architecture
2.3.1. FHT PMA Architecture x
2.3.1.1. FHT Transmitter PMA Architecture 2.3.1.2. FHT Receiver PMA Architecture 2.3.1.3. FHT PMA Loopback Modes
2.3.1.1. FHT Transmitter PMA Architecture x
2.3.1.1.1. FHT Transmitter Buffer and Phase Generator 2.3.1.1.2. FHT Serializer 2.3.1.1.3. FHT Gray-Coder and Pre-Coder 2.3.1.1.4. FHT Data Pattern Generator and Verifier
2.3.1.2. FHT Receiver PMA Architecture x
2.3.1.2.1. FHT Receiver Buffer and Equalizer 2.3.1.2.2. CDR Block 2.3.1.2.3. FHT Deserializer
2.3.2. FGT PMA Architecture x
2.3.2.1. FGT Transmitter PMA Architecture 2.3.2.2. FGT Receiver PMA Architecture 2.3.2.3. FGT PMA Tuning 2.3.2.4. FGT PMA Loopback Modes
2.3.2.1. FGT Transmitter PMA Architecture x
2.3.2.1.1. FGT Transmitter Buffer and Phase Generator 2.3.2.1.2. FGT Serializer 2.3.2.1.3. FGT Gray-Coder and Pre-Coder 2.3.2.1.4. FGT Data Pattern Generator and Verifier
2.3.2.2. FGT Receiver PMA Architecture x
2.3.2.2.1. FGT Receiver Buffer and Equalizer 2.3.2.2.2. Control Unit 2.3.2.2.3. FGT Deserializer
2.4. Clock Architecture x
2.4.1. Reference Clock Network 2.4.2. Datapath Clock Network 2.4.3. System PLL 2.4.4. Datapath Clock Cadences
2.4.1. Reference Clock Network x
2.4.1.1. FHT Reference Clock Network 2.4.1.2. FGT and System PLL Reference Clock Network 2.4.1.3. FGT Primary PLL Configuration
3. Implementing the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP x
3.1. F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP Overview 3.2. Designing with F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP 3.3. Configuring the IP 3.4. Signal and Port Reference 3.5. Bit Mapping for PMA and FEC Mode PHY TX and RX Datapath 3.6. Clocking 3.7. Custom Cadence Generation Ports and Logic 3.8. Asserting Reset 3.9. Bonding Implementation 3.10. Independent Port Configurations 3.11. Configuration Registers 3.12. Configurable Intel® Quartus® Prime Software Settings 3.13. Configuring the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP for Hardware Testing 3.14. Hardware Configuration Using the Avalon® Memory-Mapped Interface
3.1. F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP Overview x
3.1.1. PMA Direct Supported Modes 3.1.2. FEC Direct Supported Modes 3.1.3. Unsupported PMA/FEC Modes
3.2. Designing with F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP x
3.2.1. Preset IP Parameter Settings
3.3. Configuring the IP x
3.3.1. General and Common Datapath Options 3.3.2. TX Datapath Options 3.3.3. RX Datapath Options 3.3.4. RS-FEC (Reed Solomon Forward Error Correction) Options 3.3.5. Avalon® Memory Mapped Interface Options 3.3.6. Register Map IP-XACT Support 3.3.7. Example Design Generation
3.3.2. TX Datapath Options x
3.3.2.1. TX PMA interface Parameters
3.3.3. RX Datapath Options x
3.3.3.1. RX FGT PMA Interface Options
3.4. Signal and Port Reference x
3.4.1. TX and RX Parallel and Serial Interface Signals 3.4.2. TX and RX Reference Clock and Clock Output Interface Signals 3.4.3. Reset Signals 3.4.4. RS-FEC Signals 3.4.5. Custom Cadence Control and Status Signals 3.4.6. TX PMA Status Signals 3.4.7. RX PMA Status Signals 3.4.8. TX and RX PMA and Core Interface FIFO Signals 3.4.9. PMA Avalon® Memory Mapped Interface Signals 3.4.10. Datapath Avalon® Memory Mapped Interface Signals
3.4.10. Datapath Avalon® Memory Mapped Interface Signals x
3.4.10.1. Number of Datapath Memory Mapped Avalon® Interfaces and Additional Address Bits per Interface
3.5. Bit Mapping for PMA and FEC Mode PHY TX and RX Datapath x
3.5.1. Parallel Data Mapping Information 3.5.2. TX and RX Parallel Data Mapping Information for Different Configurations 3.5.3. Example of TX Parallel Data for PMA Width = 8, 10, 16, 20, 32 (X=1) 3.5.4. Example of TX Parallel Data for PMA width = 64 (X=2) 3.5.5. Example of TX Parallel Data for PMA width = 64 (X=2) for FEC Direct Mode
3.6. Clocking x
3.6.1. Clock Ports 3.6.2. Recommended tx/rx_coreclkin Connection and tx/rx_clkout2 Source 3.6.3. Port Widths and Recommended Connections for tx/rx_coreclkin, tx/rx_clkout, and tx/rx_clkout2 3.6.4. FGT PMA Fractional Mode 3.6.5. FGT Core PLL Mode
3.7. Custom Cadence Generation Ports and Logic x
3.7.1. Enabling the tx_cadence_slow_clk_locked Port 3.7.2. Rate Match FIFO
3.8. Asserting Reset x
3.8.1. Reset Signal Requirements 3.8.2. Power On Reset Requirements 3.8.3. Reset Signals—Block Level 3.8.4. Reset Signals—Descriptions 3.8.5. Status Signals—Descriptions 3.8.6. Run-time Reset Sequence—TX 3.8.7. Run-time Reset Sequence—RX 3.8.8. Run-time Reset Sequence—TX + RX 3.8.9. Run-time Reset Sequence—TX with FEC
3.8.8. Run-time Reset Sequence—TX + RX x
3.8.8.1. Run-time Reset Sequence Approximate Time Durations
3.11. Configuration Registers x
3.11.1. PMA and FEC Direct PHY Soft CSR Register Map 3.11.2. FHT PMA Register Map 3.11.3. FGT PMA Register Map 3.11.4. FEC Register Map 3.11.5. Lane Offset Address 3.11.6. Logical Avalon® Memory-Mapped Port Indexing
3.11.6. Logical Avalon® Memory-Mapped Port Indexing x
3.11.6.1. FGT PMA Lane Addressing Example 1 3.11.6.2. FGT PMA Lane Addressing Example 2
3.13. Configuring the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP for Hardware Testing x
3.13.1. Using Debug Endpoint Interface within the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP 3.13.2. Using JTAG to Avalon® Master Bridge Intel FPGA IP
3.13.1. Using Debug Endpoint Interface within the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP x
3.13.1.1. RTL Connection Example for Debug Endpoint Avalon® Interface
3.13.2. Using JTAG to Avalon® Master Bridge Intel FPGA IP x
3.13.2.1. RTL Connection Example for JTAG to Avalon® Master Bridge Intel IP
3.14. Hardware Configuration Using the Avalon® Memory-Mapped Interface x
3.14.1. FHT PMA 3.14.2. FGT PMA
3.14.1. FHT PMA x
3.14.1.1. Enabling Loopback 3.14.1.2. Enabling the PRBS Generator and Verifier 3.14.1.3. TX Equalizer Settings 3.14.1.4. TX Error Injection 3.14.1.5. RX Reconvergence 3.14.1.6. Preserving Unused Lanes
3.14.2. FGT PMA x
3.14.2.1. Direct Register Method 3.14.2.2. FGT Attribute Access Method
3.14.2.1. Direct Register Method x
3.14.2.1.1. Direct Register Method Example
3.14.2.2. FGT Attribute Access Method x
3.14.2.2.1. FGT Attribute Access Method Example 1 3.14.2.2.2. FGT Attribute Access Method Example 2 3.14.2.2.3. FGT Attribute Access Method Example 3
4. Implementing the F-Tile Reference and System PLL Clocks Intel® FPGA IP x
4.1. IP Parameters 4.2. IP Port List 4.3. Mode of System PLL - System PLL Reference Clock and Output Frequencies 4.4. Guidelines for F-Tile Reference and System PLL Clocks Intel® FPGA IP Usage 4.5. Guidelines to Indicate all System PLL Reference Clocks are Ready
4.5. Guidelines to Indicate all System PLL Reference Clocks are Ready x
4.5.1. Example of Reference Clock Availability at Device Programming 4.5.2. Example Flow to Indicate All System PLL Reference Clocks are Ready
5. Implementing the F-Tile Global Avalon® Memory-Mapped Interface Intel® FPGA IP x
5.1. IP Parameters 5.2. IP Port List 5.3. Hardware Flow Using the F-Tile Global Avalon® Memory-Mapped Interface Intel® FPGA IP
6. F-tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Design Implementation x
6.1. Implementing the F-tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Design 6.2. Instantiating the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP 6.3. Implementing a RS-FEC Direct Design in the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP 6.4. Instantiating the F-Tile Reference and System PLL Clocks Intel® FPGA IP 6.5. Enabling Custom Cadence Generation Ports and Logic 6.6. Connecting the F-tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Design IP 6.7. Simulating the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Design 6.8. F-tile Interface Planning
6.2. Instantiating the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP x
6.2.1. Setting General and Common Datapath Options 6.2.2. Setting TX Datapath Options 6.2.3. Setting RX Datapath Options
6.7. Simulating the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Design x
6.7.1. PAM4 Encoding Schemes in Simulation
6.8. F-tile Interface Planning x
6.8.1. F-tile Interface Planner Usage Example
7. Supported Tools x
7.1. F-Tile Channel Placement Tool 7.2. F-Tile PMA and FEC Direct Port Mapping Calculator 7.3. F-Tile Clocking and Datapath Tool 7.4. F-Tile TX Equalizer Tool
8. Debugging F-Tile Transceiver Links x
8.1. F-Tile Transceiver Toolkit GUI 8.2. F-Tile Transceiver Debugging Flow Walkthrough 8.3. Transceiver Toolkit Parameter Settings 8.4. Troubleshooting Common Errors
8.1. F-Tile Transceiver Toolkit GUI x
8.1.1. Collection View
8.2. F-Tile Transceiver Debugging Flow Walkthrough x
8.2.1. Modifying the Design to Enable F-Tile Transceiver Debug 8.2.2. Programming the Design into an Intel FPGA 8.2.3. Loading the Design to the Transceiver Toolkit 8.2.4. Creating Transceiver Links 8.2.5. Running BER Tests 8.2.6. Running Eye Viewer Tests 8.2.7. Running Link Optimization Tests
1. F-tile Overview
2. F-tile Architecture
3. Implementing the F-Tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Intel® FPGA IP
4. Implementing the F-Tile Reference and System PLL Clocks Intel® FPGA IP
5. Implementing the F-Tile Global Avalon® Memory-Mapped Interface Intel® FPGA IP
6. F-tile PMA/FEC Direct PHY Design Implementation
7. Supported Tools
8. Debugging F-Tile Transceiver Links
9. F-tile Architecture and PMA and FEC Direct PHY IP User Guide Archives
10. Document Revision History for F-tile Architecture and PMA and FEC Direct PHY IP User Guide

8.2.6. Running Eye Viewer Tests

The Transceiver Toolkit supports internal eye measurements for Intel® Agilex™ F-Tile devices. Do not perform eye measurements while the channel is in internal loopback.

The Eye Viewer tool allows you to set up and run eye measurement tests. To launch the Eye Viewer tool, click Tools ➤ Eye Viewer.
  1. Select a toolkit instance and a RX channel for a FGT channel as shown in the following figure.
    Figure 130. Selecting a Toolkit Instance and Channel
  2. Set Bit Error Rate to measure eye margin as shown in the following figure. Valid bit error rate range is from 1.0E-1 to 1.0E-12. The default bit error rate for NRZ is 1.0E-12, and for PAM4 is 1.0E-4.
    Figure 131. Setting the BER and Eye Measurement Options
  3. Select either Eye Width Margin or Eye Height Margin or both that you want to measure.
  4. Click start. Make sure the RX channel is receiving data before starting eye measurement.
When measurement completes, the eye height and eye width results are shown in the following figures. For FGT NRZ signals, the Eye Center-to-top and Eye Center-to-bottom values are with reference to the center of the eye. Measurement from eye center to the top of the eye is a positive value. Measurement from the eye center to the bottom of the eye is a negative value. The Eye Height is calculated by Eye Center-to-top minus Eye Center-to-bottom. For PAM4 signals, eye height of three eyes are shown. The Eye Center-to-top and Eye Center-to-bottom values of the top, middle and bottom eyes are referenced to the center of the middle eye. Measurement above center of the middle eye is a positive value; and measurement below is a negative value. The Eye Height is calculated by Eye Center-to-top minus Eye Center-to-bottom. A negative Eye Height value means the eye is closed. Only the worst eye width of the three eyes is shown.
Figure 132. FGT NRZ Eye Height and Eye Width Results
Figure 133. FGT PAM4 Eye Height and Eye Width Results
Note: The feature to save the Eye Viewer results using the Export Results button is planned to be enabled in a future release of the Intel® Quartus® Prime Pro Edition software.
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