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Ixiasoft
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Ixiasoft
5.2.4. Loops
A loop is a feedback path in a circuit. When a circuit is heavily pipelined, loops are often a limiting reason to increasing design fMAX through register retiming. A loop may be very short, containing only a single register or much longer, containing dozens of registers and combinational logic clouds. A register in a divide-by-two configuration is a short loop.
When the critical chain is a feedback loop, register retiming cannot change the number of registers in a loop without changing functionality. Registers can retime around a loop without changing functionality, but adding registers to the loop changes functionality. To explore performance gains, the Fast Forward Compile process adds registers at particular boundaries of the circuit, such as clock domain boundaries.
Use loops to save area through hardware re-use. Components that you re-use over several cycles typically involve loops. Such components include CRC calculations, filters, floating point dividers, and word aligners. Closed loop feedback designs, such as IIR filters and automatic gain control for transmitter power in remote radiohead designs, also use loops.