L-tile and H-tile Avalon® Memory-mapped Intel® FPGA IP for PCI Express* User Guide

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ID 683667
Date 9/26/2022
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Document Table of Contents
Document Table of Contents x
1. Introduction 2. Quick Start Guide 3. Interface Overview 4. Parameters 5. Designing with the IP Core 6. Block Descriptions 7. Registers 8. Programming Model for the DMA Descriptor Controller 9. Programming Model for the Avalon® -MM Root Port 10. Avalon-MM Testbench and Design Example 11. Troubleshooting and Observing the Link A. PCI Express Core Architecture B. Root Port Enumeration C. Document Revision History
1. Introduction x
1.1. Avalon-MM Interface for PCIe 1.2. Features 1.3. Release Information 1.4. Device Family Support 1.5. Recommended Fabric Speed Grades 1.6. Performance and Resource Utilization 1.7. Transceiver Tiles 1.8. PCI Express IP Core Package Layout 1.9. Channel Availability
2. Quick Start Guide x
2.1. Design Components 2.2. Hardware and Software Requirements 2.3. Directory Structure 2.4. Generating the Design Example 2.5. Simulating the Design Example 2.6. Compiling the Design Example and Programming the Device 2.7. Installing the Linux Kernel Driver 2.8. Running the Design Example Application
3. Interface Overview x
3.1. Avalon-MM DMA Interfaces when Descriptor Controller Is Internally Instantiated 3.2. Avalon-MM DMA Interfaces when Descriptor Controller is Externally Instantiated 3.3. Other Avalon-MM Interfaces 3.4. Clocks and Reset 3.5. System Interfaces
3.3. Other Avalon-MM Interfaces x
3.3.1. Avalon-MM Master Interfaces 3.3.2. Avalon-MM Slave Interfaces 3.3.3. Control Register Access (CRA) Avalon-MM Slave
4. Parameters x
4.1. Avalon-MM Settings 4.2. Base Address Registers 4.3. Device Identification Registers 4.4. PCI Express and PCI Capabilities Parameters 4.5. Configuration, Debug and Extension Options 4.6. PHY Characteristics 4.7. Example Designs
4.4. PCI Express and PCI Capabilities Parameters x
4.4.1. Device Capabilities 4.4.2. Link Capabilities 4.4.3. MSI and MSI-X Capabilities 4.4.4. Slot Capabilities 4.4.5. Power Management 4.4.6. Vendor Specific Extended Capability (VSEC)
5. Designing with the IP Core x
5.1. Generation 5.2. Simulation 5.3. IP Core Generation Output ( Intel® Quartus® Prime Pro Edition) 5.4. Channel Layout and PLL Usage
6. Block Descriptions x
6.1. Interfaces
6.1. Interfaces x
6.1.1. Intel® Stratix® 10 DMA Avalon-MM DMA Interface to the Application Layer 6.1.2. Avalon-MM Interface to the Application Layer 6.1.3. Clocks and Reset 6.1.4. Interrupts 6.1.5. Flush Requests 6.1.6. Serial Data, PIPE, Status, Reconfiguration, and Test Interfaces
6.1.1. Intel® Stratix® 10 DMA Avalon-MM DMA Interface to the Application Layer x
6.1.1.1. Descriptor Controller Interfaces when Instantiated Internally 6.1.1.2. Write DMA Avalon-MM Master Port 6.1.1.3. Descriptor Controller Interfaces when Instantiated Externally
6.1.1.1. Descriptor Controller Interfaces when Instantiated Internally x
6.1.1.1.1. Read Data Mover 6.1.1.1.2. Read Descriptor Controller Avalon-MM Master interface 6.1.1.1.3. Write Descriptor Controller Avalon-MM Master Interface 6.1.1.1.4. Read Descriptor Table Avalon-MM Slave Interface 6.1.1.1.5. Write Descriptor Table Avalon-MM Slave Interface
6.1.1.3. Descriptor Controller Interfaces when Instantiated Externally x
6.1.1.3.1. Avalon® -ST Descriptor Source
6.1.2. Avalon-MM Interface to the Application Layer x
6.1.2.1. Bursting and Non-Bursting Avalon® -MM Module Signals 6.1.2.2. Non-Bursing Slave Module 6.1.2.3. 32-Bit Control Register Access (CRA) Slave Signals 6.1.2.4. Bursting Slave Module
6.1.3. Clocks and Reset x
6.1.3.1. Clocks 6.1.3.2. Resets
6.1.4. Interrupts x
6.1.4.1. MSI Interrupts for Endpoints 6.1.4.2. Legacy Interrupts
6.1.6. Serial Data, PIPE, Status, Reconfiguration, and Test Interfaces x
6.1.6.1. Serial Data Interface 6.1.6.2. PIPE Interface 6.1.6.3. Hard IP Status Interface 6.1.6.4. Hard IP Reconfiguration 6.1.6.5. Test Interface
7. Registers x
7.1. Configuration Space Registers 7.2. Avalon-MM DMA Bridge Registers
7.1. Configuration Space Registers x
7.1.1. Register Access Definitions 7.1.2. PCI Configuration Header Registers 7.1.3. PCI Express Capability Structures 7.1.4. Intel Defined VSEC Capability Header 7.1.5. Uncorrectable Internal Error Status Register 7.1.6. Uncorrectable Internal Error Mask Register 7.1.7. Correctable Internal Error Status Register 7.1.8. Correctable Internal Error Mask Register
7.1.4. Intel Defined VSEC Capability Header x
7.1.4.1. Intel Defined Vendor Specific Header 7.1.4.2. Intel Marker 7.1.4.3. JTAG Silicon ID 7.1.4.4. User Configurable Device and Board ID
7.2. Avalon-MM DMA Bridge Registers x
7.2.1. PCI Express Avalon-MM Bridge Register Address Map 7.2.2. DMA Descriptor Controller Registers
7.2.1. PCI Express Avalon-MM Bridge Register Address Map x
7.2.1.1. Avalon-MM to PCI Express Interrupt Status Registers 7.2.1.2. Avalon-MM to PCI Express Interrupt Enable Registers 7.2.1.3. Address Mapping for High-Performance Avalon-MM 32-Bit Slave Modules 7.2.1.4. PCI Express to Avalon-MM Interrupt Status and Enable Registers for Endpoints 7.2.1.5. PCI Express Configuration Information Registers
7.2.2. DMA Descriptor Controller Registers x
7.2.2.1. Read DMA Internal Descriptor Controller Registers 7.2.2.2. Write DMA Internal Descriptor Controller Registers
8. Programming Model for the DMA Descriptor Controller x
8.1. Read DMA Example 8.2. Write DMA Example 8.3. Software Program for Simultaneous Read and Write DMA 8.4. Read DMA and Write DMA Descriptor Format
9. Programming Model for the Avalon® -MM Root Port x
9.1. Root Port TLP Data Control and Status Registers 9.2. Sending a TLP 9.3. Receiving a Non-Posted Completion TLP 9.4. Example of Reading and Writing BAR0 Using the CRA Interface
10. Avalon-MM Testbench and Design Example x
10.1. Avalon-MM Endpoint Testbench 10.2. Endpoint Design Example 10.3. Avalon® -MM Test Driver Module 10.4. Root Port BFM 10.5. BFM Procedures and Functions
10.2. Endpoint Design Example x
10.2.1. BAR Setup
10.4. Root Port BFM x
10.4.1. Overview 10.4.2. Issuing Read and Write Transactions to the Application Layer 10.4.3. Configuration of Root Port and Endpoint 10.4.4. Configuration Space Bus and Device Numbering 10.4.5. BFM Memory Map
10.5. BFM Procedures and Functions x
10.5.1. ebfm_barwr Procedure 10.5.2. ebfm_barwr_imm Procedure 10.5.3. ebfm_barrd_wait Procedure 10.5.4. ebfm_barrd_nowt Procedure 10.5.5. ebfm_cfgwr_imm_wait Procedure 10.5.6. ebfm_cfgwr_imm_nowt Procedure 10.5.7. ebfm_cfgrd_wait Procedure 10.5.8. ebfm_cfgrd_nowt Procedure 10.5.9. BFM Configuration Procedures 10.5.10. BFM Shared Memory Access Procedures 10.5.11. BFM Log and Message Procedures 10.5.12. Verilog HDL Formatting Functions
10.5.9. BFM Configuration Procedures x
10.5.9.1. ebfm_cfg_rp_ep Procedure 10.5.9.2. ebfm_cfg_decode_bar Procedure
10.5.10. BFM Shared Memory Access Procedures x
10.5.10.1. Shared Memory Constants 10.5.10.2. shmem_write Task 10.5.10.3. shmem_read Function 10.5.10.4. shmem_display Verilog HDL Function 10.5.10.5. shmem_fill Procedure 10.5.10.6. shmem_chk_ok Function
10.5.11. BFM Log and Message Procedures x
10.5.11.1. ebfm_display Verilog HDL Function 10.5.11.2. ebfm_log_stop_sim Verilog HDL Function 10.5.11.3. ebfm_log_set_suppressed_msg_mask Task 10.5.11.4. ebfm_log_set_stop_on_msg_mask Verilog HDL Task 10.5.11.5. ebfm_log_open Verilog HDL Function 10.5.11.6. ebfm_log_close Verilog HDL Function
10.5.12. Verilog HDL Formatting Functions x
10.5.12.1. himage1 10.5.12.2. himage2 10.5.12.3. himage4 10.5.12.4. himage8 10.5.12.5. himage16 10.5.12.6. dimage1 10.5.12.7. dimage2 10.5.12.8. dimage3 10.5.12.9. dimage4 10.5.12.10. dimage5 10.5.12.11. dimage6 10.5.12.12. dimage7
11. Troubleshooting and Observing the Link x
11.1. Troubleshooting 11.2. PCIe Link Inspector Overview
11.1. Troubleshooting x
11.1.1. Simulation Fails To Progress Beyond Polling.Active State 11.1.2. Hardware Bring-Up Issues 11.1.3. Link Training 11.1.4. Use Third-Party PCIe Analyzer
11.2. PCIe Link Inspector Overview x
11.2.1. PCIe* Link Inspector Hardware
11.2.1. PCIe* Link Inspector Hardware x
11.2.1.1. Enabling the PCIe* Link Inspector 11.2.1.2. Launching the PCIe* Link Inspector 11.2.1.3. The PCIe* Link Inspector LTSSM Monitor 11.2.1.4. Accessing the Configuration Space and Transceiver Registers 11.2.1.5. Additional Status Commands
11.2.1.3. The PCIe* Link Inspector LTSSM Monitor x
11.2.1.3.1. LTSSM Monitor Registers 11.2.1.3.2. ltssm_save2file <file_name> 11.2.1.3.3. ltssm_file2console 11.2.1.3.4. ltssm_debug_check 11.2.1.3.5. ltssm_display <num_states> 11.2.1.3.6. ltssm_save_oldstates
11.2.1.4. Accessing the Configuration Space and Transceiver Registers x
11.2.1.4.1. PCIe* Link Inspector Commands 11.2.1.4.2. NPDME PLL and Channel Commands 11.2.1.4.3. Register Address Map
11.2.1.5. Additional Status Commands x
11.2.1.5.1. Displaying PLL Lock and Calibration Status Registers
A. PCI Express Core Architecture x
A.1. Transaction Layer A.2. Data Link Layer A.3. Physical Layer
C. Document Revision History x
C.1. Document Revision History for the L-tile and H-tile Avalon® Memory-mapped Intel® FPGA IP for PCI Express* User Guide
1. Introduction
2. Quick Start Guide
3. Interface Overview
4. Parameters
5. Designing with the IP Core
6. Block Descriptions
7. Registers
8. Programming Model for the DMA Descriptor Controller
9. Programming Model for the Avalon® -MM Root Port
10. Avalon-MM Testbench and Design Example
11. Troubleshooting and Observing the Link
A. PCI Express Core Architecture
B. Root Port Enumeration
C. Document Revision History

3.1. Avalon-MM DMA Interfaces when Descriptor Controller Is Internally Instantiated

This configuration results from selecting both Enable Avalon-MM DMA and Instantiate internal descriptor controller in the component GUI.

The following figure shows the Avalon-MM DMA Bridge, implemented in soft logic. It interfaces to the Hard IP for PCIe through Avalon® -ST interfaces.

In the following figure, Avalon® -ST connections and the connection from the BAR0 non-bursting master to the Descriptor Controller slaves are internal. Dashed black lines show these connections. Connections between the Descriptor Controller Masters and the non-bursting slave and the connections between the Read DMA Data Master and the Descriptor Table Slaves are made in the Platform Designer. Blue lines show these connections.

Note: In the following diagrams and text descriptions, the terms Read and Write are from the system memory perspective. Thus, a Read transaction reads data from the system memory and writes it to the local memory in Avalon® -MM address space. A Write transaction writes the data that was read from the local memory in Avalon® -MM address space to the system memory.
Figure 19. Avalon-MM DMA Bridge Block Diagram with Optional Internal Descriptor Controller (Showing DMA Write Flow)

The numbers in this figure describe the following steps in the DMA write flow:

  1. The CPU writes registers in the Descriptor Controller Slave to start the DMA.
  2. The Descriptor Controller instructs the Read Data Mover to fetch the descriptor table.
  3. The Read Data Mover forwards the descriptor table to the PCIe Write Descriptor Table Slave.
  4. The Descriptor Controller instructs the Write Data Mover to transfer data.
  5. The Write Data Mover transfers data from FPGA to system memory.
  6. The Write Data Mover notifies the Descriptor Controller of the completion of the data transfer using the done bit.
  7. The Descriptor Controller Master updates the status of the descriptor table in system memory.
  8. The Descriptor Controller Master sends an MSI interrupt to the host.
Figure 20. Avalon-MM DMA Bridge Block Diagram with Optional Internal Descriptor Controller (Showing DMA Read Flow)

The numbers in this figure describe the following steps in the DMA read flow:

  1. The CPU writes registers in the Descriptor Controller Slave to start the DMA.
  2. The Descriptor Controller instructs the Read Data Mover to fetch the descriptor table.
  3. The Read Data Mover forwards the descriptor table to the PCIe Read Descriptor Table Slave.
  4. The Descriptor Controller instructs the Read Data Mover to transfer data.
  5. The Read Data Mover transfers data from system memory to FPGA.
  6. The Read Data Mover notifies the Descriptor Controller of the completion of the data transfer using the done bit.
  7. The Descriptor Controller Master updates the status of the descriptor table in system memory.
  8. The Descriptor Controller Master sends an MSI interrupt to the host.

When the optional Descriptor Controller is included in the bridge, the Avalon-MM bridge includes the following Avalon® interfaces to implement the DMA functionality:

  • PCIe Read DMA Data Master (rd_dma): This is a 256-bit wide write only Avalon-MM master interface which supports bursts of up to 16 cycles with the rd_dma* prefix. The Read Data Mover uses this interface to write at high throughput the blocks of data that it has read from the PCIe* system memory space. This interface writes descriptors to the Read and Write Descriptor table slaves and to any other Avalon® -MM connected slaves interfaces.
  • PCIe Write DMA Data Master (wr_dma): This read-only interface transfers blocks of data from the Avalon-MM domain to the PCIe system memory space at high throughput. It drives read transactions on its bursting Avalon-MM master interface. It also creates PCIe Memory Write (MWr) TLPs with data payload from Avalon® -MM reads. It forwards the MWr TLPs to the Hard IP for transmission on the link. The Write Data Mover module decomposes the transfers into the required number of Avalon-MM burst read transactions and PCIe MWr TLPs. This is a bursting, 256-bit Avalon-MM interface with the wr_dma prefix.
  • PCIe Read Descriptor Table Slave (rd_dts): This is a 256-bit Avalon-MM slave interface that supports write bursts of up to 16 cycles. The PCIe Read DMA Data Master writes descriptors to this table. This connection is made outside the DMA bridge because the Read Data Mover also typically connects to other Avalon-MM slaves. The prefix for this interface is rd_dts.
  • PCIe Write Descriptor Table Slave (wr_dts): This is a 256-bit Avalon-MM slave interface that supports write bursts of up to 16 cycles. The PCIe Read DMA Data Master writes descriptors to this table. The PCIe Read DMA Data Master must connect to this interface outside the DMA bridge because the bursting master interface may also need to be connected to the destination of the PCIe Read Data Mover. The prefix for this interface is wr_dts.
  • Descriptor Controller Master (DCM): This is a 32-bit, non-bursting Avalon-MM master interface with write-only capability. It controls the non-bursting Avalon-MM slave that transmits single DWORD DMA status information to the host. The prefixes for this interface are wr_dcm and rd_dcm.
  • Descriptor Controller Slave (DCS): This is a 32-bit, non-bursting Avalon-MM slave interface with read and write access. The host accesses this interface through the BAR0 Non-Bursting Avalon-MM Master, to program the Descriptor Controller.
    Note: This is not a top-level interface of the Avalon-MM Bridge. Because it connects to BAR0, you cannot use BAR0 to access any other Avalon-MM slave interface.
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