Arria® 10 Transceiver PHY User Guide

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ID 683617
Date 4/01/2024
Public
Document Table of Contents
Document Table of Contents x
1. Arria® 10 Transceiver PHY Overview 2. Implementing Protocols in Arria 10 Transceivers 3. PLLs and Clock Networks 4. Resetting Transceiver Channels 5. Arria 10 Transceiver PHY Architecture 6. Reconfiguration Interface and Dynamic Reconfiguration 7. Calibration 8. Analog Parameter Settings 9. Debugging Transceiver Toolkit
1. Arria® 10 Transceiver PHY Overview x
1.1. Device Transceiver Layout 1.2. Transceiver PHY Architecture Overview 1.3. Calibration 1.4. Arria® 10 Transceiver PHY Overview Revision History
1.1. Device Transceiver Layout x
1.1.1. Arria® 10 GX Device Transceiver Layout 1.1.2. Arria® 10 GT Device Transceiver Layout 1.1.3. Arria® 10 GX and GT Device Package Details 1.1.4. Arria® 10 SX Device Transceiver Layout 1.1.5. Arria® 10 SX Device Package Details
1.2. Transceiver PHY Architecture Overview x
1.2.1. Transceiver Bank Architecture 1.2.2. PHY Layer Transceiver Components 1.2.3. Transceiver Phase-Locked Loops 1.2.4. Clock Generation Block (CGB)
1.2.2. PHY Layer Transceiver Components x
1.2.2.1. The GX Transceiver Channel 1.2.2.2. The GT Transceiver Channel
1.2.3. Transceiver Phase-Locked Loops x
1.2.3.1. Advanced Transmit (ATX) PLL 1.2.3.2. Fractional PLL (fPLL) 1.2.3.3. Channel PLL (CMU/CDR PLL)
2. Implementing Protocols in Arria 10 Transceivers x
2.1. Transceiver Design IP Blocks 2.2. Transceiver Design Flow 2.3. Arria® 10 Transceiver Protocols and PHY IP Support 2.4. Using the Arria® 10 Transceiver Native PHY IP Core 2.5. Interlaken 2.6. Ethernet 2.7. PCI Express* (PIPE) 2.8. CPRI 2.9. Other Protocols 2.10. Simulating the Transceiver Native PHY IP Core 2.11. Implementing Protocols in Arria® 10 Transceivers Revision History
2.2. Transceiver Design Flow x
2.2.1. Select and Instantiate the PHY IP Core 2.2.2. Configure the PHY IP Core 2.2.3. Generate the PHY IP Core 2.2.4. Select the PLL IP Core 2.2.5. Configure the PLL IP Core 2.2.6. Generate the PLL IP Core 2.2.7. Reset Controller 2.2.8. Create Reconfiguration Logic 2.2.9. Connect the PHY IP to the PLL IP Core and Reset Controller 2.2.10. Connect Datapath 2.2.11. Make Analog Parameter Settings 2.2.12. Compile the Design 2.2.13. Verify Design Functionality
2.4. Using the Arria® 10 Transceiver Native PHY IP Core x
2.4.1. Presets 2.4.2. General and Datapath Parameters 2.4.3. PMA Parameters 2.4.4. Enhanced PCS Parameters 2.4.5. Standard PCS Parameters 2.4.6. PCS Direct 2.4.7. Dynamic Reconfiguration Parameters 2.4.8. PMA Ports 2.4.9. Enhanced PCS Ports 2.4.10. Standard PCS Ports 2.4.11. IP Core File Locations 2.4.12. Unused Transceiver RX Channels 2.4.13. Unsupported Features
2.4.9. Enhanced PCS Ports x
2.4.9.1. Enhanced PCS TX and RX Control Ports
2.5. Interlaken x
2.5.1. Metaframe Format and Framing Layer Control Word 2.5.2. Interlaken Configuration Clocking and Bonding 2.5.3. How to Implement Interlaken in Arria 10 Transceivers 2.5.4. Design Example 2.5.5. Native PHY IP Parameter Settings for Interlaken
2.5.2. Interlaken Configuration Clocking and Bonding x
2.5.2.1. xN Clock Bonding Scenario 2.5.2.2. TX Multi-Lane Bonding and RX Multi-Lane Deskew Alignment State Machine
2.5.2.2. TX Multi-Lane Bonding and RX Multi-Lane Deskew Alignment State Machine x
2.5.2.2.1. TX FIFO Soft Bonding 2.5.2.2.2. RX Multi-lane FIFO Deskew State Machine
2.6. Ethernet x
2.6.1. Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) and GbE with IEEE 1588v2 2.6.2. 10GBASE-R, 10GBASE-R with IEEE 1588v2, and 10GBASE-R with FEC Variants 2.6.3. 10GBASE-KR PHY IP Core 2.6.4. 1-Gigabit/10-Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) PHY IP Core 2.6.5. 1G/2.5G/5G/10G Multi-rate Ethernet PHY Intel® FPGA IP Core 2.6.6. XAUI PHY IP Core 2.6.7. Acronyms
2.6.1. Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) and GbE with IEEE 1588v2 x
2.6.1.1. 8B/10B Encoding for GbE, GbE with IEEE 1588v2 2.6.1.2. Word Alignment for GbE, GbE with IEEE 1588v2 2.6.1.3. 8B/10B Decoding for GbE, GbE with IEEE 1588v2 2.6.1.4. Rate Match FIFO for GbE 2.6.1.5. How to Implement GbE, GbE with IEEE 1588v2 in Arria® 10 Transceivers 2.6.1.6. Native PHY IP Parameter Settings for GbE and GbE with IEEE 1588v2
2.6.1.1. 8B/10B Encoding for GbE, GbE with IEEE 1588v2 x
2.6.1.1.1. Reset Condition for 8B/10B Encoder in GbE, GbE with IEEE 1588v2
2.6.2. 10GBASE-R, 10GBASE-R with IEEE 1588v2, and 10GBASE-R with FEC Variants x
2.6.2.1. The XGMII Clocking Scheme in 10GBASE-R 2.6.2.2. How to Implement 10GBASE-R, 10GBASE-R with IEEE 1588v2, and 10GBASE-R with FEC in Arria 10 Transceivers 2.6.2.3. Native PHY IP Parameter Settings for 10GBASE-R, 10GBASE-R with IEEE 1588v2, and 10GBASE-R with FEC 2.6.2.4. Native PHY IP Ports for 10GBASE-R and 10GBASE-R with IEEE 1588v2 Transceiver Configurations
2.6.2.1. The XGMII Clocking Scheme in 10GBASE-R x
2.6.2.1.1. TX FIFO and RX FIFO
2.6.3. 10GBASE-KR PHY IP Core x
2.6.3.1. 10GBASE-KR PHY Release Information 2.6.3.2. 10GBASE-KR PHY Performance and Resource Utilization 2.6.3.3. 10GBASE-KR Functional Description 2.6.3.4. Parameterizing the 10GBASE-KR PHY 2.6.3.5. 10GBASE-KR PHY Interfaces 2.6.3.6. Avalon® Memory-Mapped Interface Registers 2.6.3.7. Creating a 10GBASE-KR Design 2.6.3.8. Design Example 2.6.3.9. Simulation Support
2.6.3.4. Parameterizing the 10GBASE-KR PHY x
2.6.3.4.1. General Options 2.6.3.4.2. 10GBASE-R Parameters 2.6.3.4.3. 10GBASE-KR Auto-Negotiation and Link Training Parameters 2.6.3.4.4. 10GBASE-KR Optional Parameters 2.6.3.4.5. Speed Detection Parameters
2.6.3.5. 10GBASE-KR PHY Interfaces x
2.6.3.5.1. Clock and Reset Interfaces 2.6.3.5.2. Data Interfaces 2.6.3.5.3. XGMII Mapping to Standard SDR XGMII Data 2.6.3.5.4. Serial Data Interface 2.6.3.5.5. Control and Status Interfaces 2.6.3.5.6. Dynamic Reconfiguration Interface
2.6.3.6. Avalon® Memory-Mapped Interface Registers x
2.6.3.6.1. 10GBASE-KR PHY Register Definitions 2.6.3.6.2. Hard Transceiver PHY Registers 2.6.3.6.3. Enhanced PCS Registers 2.6.3.6.4. PMA Registers
2.6.4. 1-Gigabit/10-Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) PHY IP Core x
2.6.4.1. 1G/10GbE PHY Release Information 2.6.4.2. 1G/10GbE PHY Performance and Resource Utilization 2.6.4.3. 1G/10GbE PHY Functional Description 2.6.4.4. Clock and Reset Interfaces 2.6.4.5. Parameterizing the 1G/10GbE PHY 2.6.4.6. 1G/10GbE PHY Interfaces 2.6.4.7. Avalon® Memory-Mapped Interface Registers 2.6.4.8. Creating a 1G/10GbE Design 2.6.4.9. Design Guidelines 2.6.4.10. Channel Placement Guidelines 2.6.4.11. Design Example 2.6.4.12. Simulation Support 2.6.4.13. TimeQuest Timing Constraints
2.6.4.5. Parameterizing the 1G/10GbE PHY x
2.6.4.5.1. General Options 2.6.4.5.2. 10GBASE-R Parameters 2.6.4.5.3. 10M/100M/1Gb Ethernet Parameters 2.6.4.5.4. Speed Detection Parameters 2.6.4.5.5. PHY Analog Parameters
2.6.4.6. 1G/10GbE PHY Interfaces x
2.6.4.6.1. Clock and Reset Interfaces 2.6.4.6.2. Data Interfaces 2.6.4.6.3. XGMII Mapping to Standard SDR XGMII Data 2.6.4.6.4. GMII Interface 2.6.4.6.5. Serial Data Interface 2.6.4.6.6. Control and Status Interfaces 2.6.4.6.7. MII 2.6.4.6.8. Dynamic Reconfiguration Interface
2.6.4.7. Avalon® Memory-Mapped Interface Registers x
2.6.4.7.1. 1G/10GbE Register Definitions 2.6.4.7.2. Hard Transceiver PHY Registers 2.6.4.7.3. Enhanced PCS Registers 2.6.4.7.4. Arria 10 GMII PCS Registers 2.6.4.7.5. PMA Registers 2.6.4.7.6. Speed Change Summary
2.6.5. 1G/2.5G/5G/10G Multi-rate Ethernet PHY Intel® FPGA IP Core x
2.6.5.1. About the 1G/2.5G/5G/10G Multi-rate Ethernet PHY Intel® FPGA IP Core 2.6.5.2. Using the IP Core 2.6.5.3. Functional Description 2.6.5.4. Configuration Registers 2.6.5.5. Interface Signals
2.6.5.1. About the 1G/2.5G/5G/10G Multi-rate Ethernet PHY Intel® FPGA IP Core x
2.6.5.1.1. Features 2.6.5.1.2. Release Information 2.6.5.1.3. Device Family Support 2.6.5.1.4. Resource Utilization
2.6.5.2. Using the IP Core x
2.6.5.2.1. Parameter Settings
2.6.5.3. Functional Description x
2.6.5.3.1. Clocking and Reset Sequence 2.6.5.3.2. Timing Constraints 2.6.5.3.3. Switching Operation Speed
2.6.5.4. Configuration Registers x
2.6.5.4.1. Register Map 2.6.5.4.2. Configuration Registers
2.6.5.5. Interface Signals x
2.6.5.5.1. Clock and Reset Signals 2.6.5.5.2. Operating Mode and Speed Signals 2.6.5.5.3. GMII Signals 2.6.5.5.4. XGMII Signals 2.6.5.5.5. Status Signals 2.6.5.5.6. Serial Interface Signals 2.6.5.5.7. Transceiver Status and Reconfiguration Signals 2.6.5.5.8. Avalon® Memory-Mapped Interface Signals
2.6.6. XAUI PHY IP Core x
2.6.6.1. Transceiver Datapath in a XAUI Configuration 2.6.6.2. XAUI Supported Features 2.6.6.3. XAUI PHY Release Information 2.6.6.4. XAUI PHY Device Family Support 2.6.6.5. Transceiver Clocking and Channel Placement Guidelines in XAUI Configuration 2.6.6.6. XAUI PHY Performance and Resource Utilization 2.6.6.7. Parameterizing the XAUI PHY 2.6.6.8. XAUI PHY Ports 2.6.6.9. XAUI PHY Interfaces 2.6.6.10. XAUI PHY Register Interface and Register Descriptions 2.6.6.11. XAUI PHY Timing Analyzer SDC Constraint
2.6.6.7. Parameterizing the XAUI PHY x
2.6.6.7.1. XAUI PHY General Parameters 2.6.6.7.2. XAUI PHY Advanced Options Parameters
2.6.6.9. XAUI PHY Interfaces x
2.6.6.9.1. SDR XGMII TX Interface 2.6.6.9.2. SDR XGMII RX Interface 2.6.6.9.3. Transceiver Serial Data Interface 2.6.6.9.4. XAUI PHY Clocks, Reset, and Powerdown Interfaces 2.6.6.9.5. XAUI PHY PMA Channel Controller Interface 2.6.6.9.6. XAUI PHY Optional PMA Control and Status Interface
2.7. PCI Express* (PIPE) x
2.7.1. Transceiver Channel Datapath for PIPE 2.7.2. Supported PIPE Features 2.7.3. How to Connect TX PLLs for PIPE Gen1, Gen2, and Gen3 Modes 2.7.4. How to Implement PCI Express* (PIPE) in Arria 10 Transceivers 2.7.5. Native PHY IP Parameter Settings for PIPE 2.7.6. fPLL IP Parameter Core Settings for PIPE 2.7.7. ATX PLL IP Parameter Core Settings for PIPE 2.7.8. Native PHY IP Ports for PIPE 2.7.9. fPLL Ports for PIPE 2.7.10. ATX PLL Ports for PIPE 2.7.11. Preset Mappings to TX De-emphasis 2.7.12. How to Place Channels for PIPE Configurations 2.7.13. PHY IP Core for PCIe* (PIPE) Link Equalization for Gen3 Data Rate 2.7.14. Using Transceiver Toolkit (TTK)/System Console/Reconfiguration Interface to manually tune Arria® 10 PCIe designs (Hard IP(HIP) and PIPE) (For debug only)
2.7.2. Supported PIPE Features x
2.7.2.1. Gen1/Gen2 Features 2.7.2.2. Gen3 Features
2.7.2.1. Gen1/Gen2 Features x
2.7.2.1.1. Dynamic Switching Between Gen1 (2.5 Gbps) and Gen2 (5 Gbps) 2.7.2.1.2. Transmitter Electrical Idle Generation 2.7.2.1.3. Power State Management 2.7.2.1.4. 8B/10B Encoder Usage for Compliance Pattern Transmission Support 2.7.2.1.5. Receiver Status 2.7.2.1.6. Receiver Detection 2.7.2.1.7. Gen1 and Gen2 Clock Compensation 2.7.2.1.8. PCIe* Reverse Parallel Loopback
2.7.2.2. Gen3 Features x
2.7.2.2.1. Auto-Speed Negotiation 2.7.2.2.2. Rate Switch 2.7.2.2.3. Gen3 Transmitter Electrical Idle Generation 2.7.2.2.4. Gen3 Clock Compensation 2.7.2.2.5. Gen3 Power State Management 2.7.2.2.6. CDR Control 2.7.2.2.7. Gearbox
2.7.12. How to Place Channels for PIPE Configurations x
2.7.12.1. Master Channel in Bonded Configurations
2.8. CPRI x
2.8.1. Transceiver Channel Datapath and Clocking for CPRI 2.8.2. Supported Features for CPRI 2.8.3. Word Aligner in Manual Mode for CPRI 2.8.4. How to Implement CPRI in Arria® 10 Transceivers 2.8.5. Native PHY IP Parameter Settings for CPRI
2.8.1. Transceiver Channel Datapath and Clocking for CPRI x
2.8.1.1. TX PLL Selection for CPRI 2.8.1.2. Auto-Negotiation
2.8.2. Supported Features for CPRI x
2.8.2.1. Word Aligner in Deterministic Latency Mode for CPRI
2.8.2.1. Word Aligner in Deterministic Latency Mode for CPRI x
2.8.2.1.1. Transmitter and Receiver Latency
2.9. Other Protocols x
2.9.1. Using the 'Basic (Enhanced PCS)' and 'Basic with KR FEC' Configurations of Enhanced PCS 2.9.2. Using the Basic/Custom, Basic/Custom with Rate Match Configurations of Standard PCS 2.9.3. Design Considerations for Implementing Arria 10 GT Channels 2.9.4. How to Implement PCS Direct Transceiver Configuration Rule
2.9.1. Using the 'Basic (Enhanced PCS)' and 'Basic with KR FEC' Configurations of Enhanced PCS x
2.9.1.1. How to Implement the Basic (Enhanced PCS) and Basic with KR FEC Transceiver Configuration Rules in Arria 10 Transceivers 2.9.1.2. Native PHY IP Parameter Settings for Basic (Enhanced PCS) and Basic with KR FEC 2.9.1.3. How to Enable Low Latency in Basic Enhanced PCS 2.9.1.4. Enhanced PCS FIFO Operation 2.9.1.5. TX Data Bitslip 2.9.1.6. TX Data Polarity Inversion 2.9.1.7. RX Data Bitslip 2.9.1.8. RX Data Polarity Inversion
2.9.2. Using the Basic/Custom, Basic/Custom with Rate Match Configurations of Standard PCS x
2.9.2.1. Word Aligner Manual Mode 2.9.2.2. Word Aligner Synchronous State Machine Mode 2.9.2.3. RX Bit Slip 2.9.2.4. RX Polarity Inversion 2.9.2.5. RX Bit Reversal 2.9.2.6. RX Byte Reversal 2.9.2.7. Rate Match FIFO in Basic (Single Width) Mode 2.9.2.8. Rate Match FIFO Basic (Double Width) Mode 2.9.2.9. 8B/10B Encoder and Decoder 2.9.2.10. 8B/10B TX Disparity Control 2.9.2.11. How to Enable Low Latency in Basic 2.9.2.12. TX Bit Slip 2.9.2.13. TX Polarity Inversion 2.9.2.14. TX Bit Reversal 2.9.2.15. TX Byte Reversal 2.9.2.16. How to Implement the Basic, Basic with Rate Match Transceiver Configuration Rules in Arria® 10 Transceivers 2.9.2.17. Native PHY IP Parameter Settings for Basic, Basic with Rate Match Configurations
2.9.3. Design Considerations for Implementing Arria 10 GT Channels x
2.9.3.1. Transceiver PHY IP 2.9.3.2. PLL and GT Transceiver Channel Clock Lines 2.9.3.3. Reset Controller 2.9.3.4. How to Implement Designs for Data Rates Above 17.4 Gbps Using Enhanced PCS in Low Latency Mode 2.9.3.5. Arria 10 GT Channel Usage
2.10. Simulating the Transceiver Native PHY IP Core x
2.10.1. NativeLink Simulation Flow 2.10.2. Scripting IP Simulation 2.10.3. Custom Simulation Flow
2.10.1. NativeLink Simulation Flow x
2.10.1.1. How to Use NativeLink to Specify a ModelSim* Simulation 2.10.1.2. How to Use NativeLink to Run a ModelSim* RTL Simulation 2.10.1.3. How to Use NativeLink to Specify Third-Party RTL Simulators
2.10.2. Scripting IP Simulation x
2.10.2.1. Generating a Combined Simulator Setup Script
2.10.3. Custom Simulation Flow x
2.10.3.1. How to Use the Simulation Library Compiler 2.10.3.2. Custom Simulation Scripts
3. PLLs and Clock Networks x
3.1. PLLs 3.2. Input Reference Clock Sources 3.3. Transmitter Clock Network 3.4. Clock Generation Block 3.5. FPGA Fabric-Transceiver Interface Clocking 3.6. Transmitter Data Path Interface Clocking 3.7. Receiver Data Path Interface Clocking 3.8. Unused/Idle Clock Line Requirements 3.9. Channel Bonding 3.10. PLL Feedback and Cascading Clock Network 3.11. Using PLLs and Clock Networks 3.12. PLLs and Clock Networks Revision History
3.1. PLLs x
3.1.1. Transmit PLLs Spacing Guideline when using ATX PLLs and fPLLs 3.1.2. ATX PLL 3.1.3. fPLL 3.1.4. CMU PLL
3.1.2. ATX PLL x
3.1.2.1. Instantiating the ATX PLL IP Core 3.1.2.2. ATX PLL IP Core
3.1.3. fPLL x
3.1.3.1. Instantiating the fPLL IP Core 3.1.3.2. fPLL IP Core
3.1.4. CMU PLL x
3.1.4.1. Instantiating CMU PLL IP Core 3.1.4.2. CMU PLL IP Core
3.2. Input Reference Clock Sources x
3.2.1. Dedicated Reference Clock Pins 3.2.2. Receiver Input Pins 3.2.3. PLL Cascading as an Input Reference Clock Source 3.2.4. Reference Clock Network 3.2.5. Global Clock or Core Clock as an Input Reference Clock
3.3. Transmitter Clock Network x
3.3.1. x1 Clock Lines 3.3.2. x6 Clock Lines 3.3.3. xN Clock Lines 3.3.4. GT Clock Lines
3.9. Channel Bonding x
3.9.1. PMA Bonding 3.9.2. PMA and PCS Bonding 3.9.3. PCS Bonding Channels Placement Restrictions 3.9.4. Selecting Channel Bonding Schemes 3.9.5. Skew Calculations
3.9.1. PMA Bonding x
3.9.1.1. x6/xN Bonding 3.9.1.2. PLL Feedback Compensation Bonding
3.11. Using PLLs and Clock Networks x
3.11.1. Non-bonded Configurations 3.11.2. Bonded Configurations 3.11.3. Implementing PLL Cascading 3.11.4. Mix and Match Example 3.11.5. Timing Closure Recommendations
3.11.1. Non-bonded Configurations x
3.11.1.1. Implementing Single Channel x1 Non-Bonded Configuration 3.11.1.2. Implementing Multi-Channel x1 Non-Bonded Configuration 3.11.1.3. Implementing Multi-Channel xN Non-Bonded Configuration
3.11.2. Bonded Configurations x
3.11.2.1. Implementing x6/xN Bonding Mode 3.11.2.2. Implementing PLL Feedback Compensation Bonding Mode
4. Resetting Transceiver Channels x
4.1. When Is Reset Required? 4.2. Transceiver PHY Implementation 4.3. How Do I Reset? 4.4. Using the Transceiver PHY Reset Controller 4.5. Using a User-Coded Reset Controller 4.6. Combining Status or PLL Lock Signals 4.7. Timing Constraints for Bonded PCS and PMA Channels 4.8. Resetting Transceiver Channels Revision History
4.3. How Do I Reset? x
4.3.1. Model 1: Default Model 4.3.2. Model 2: Acknowledgment Model 4.3.3. Transceiver Blocks Affected by Reset and Powerdown Signals
4.3.1. Model 1: Default Model x
4.3.1.1. Recommended Reset Sequence 4.3.1.2. Resetting the Transmitter During Device Operation 4.3.1.3. Resetting the Receiver During Device Operation 4.3.1.4. Resetting the Transceiver Channel During Device Operation 4.3.1.5. Dynamic Reconfiguration of Channel Using the Default Model
4.3.2. Model 2: Acknowledgment Model x
4.3.2.1. Recommended Reset Sequence 4.3.2.2. Resetting the Transmitter During Device Operation 4.3.2.3. Resetting the Receiver During Device Operation 4.3.2.4. Dynamic Reconfiguration of Transmitter Channel Using the Acknowledgment Model 4.3.2.5. Dynamic Reconfiguration of Receiver Channel Using the Acknowledgment Model
4.4. Using the Transceiver PHY Reset Controller x
4.4.1. Parameterizing the Transceiver PHY Reset Controller IP 4.4.2. Transceiver PHY Reset Controller Parameters 4.4.3. Transceiver PHY Reset Controller Interfaces 4.4.4. Transceiver PHY Reset Controller Resource Utilization
4.5. Using a User-Coded Reset Controller x
4.5.1. User-Coded Reset Controller Signals
5. Arria 10 Transceiver PHY Architecture x
5.1. Arria® 10 PMA Architecture 5.2. Arria 10 Enhanced PCS Architecture 5.3. Arria® 10 Standard PCS Architecture 5.4. Arria 10 PCI Express* Gen3 PCS Architecture 5.5. Arria® 10 Transceiver PHY Architecture Revision History
5.1. Arria® 10 PMA Architecture x
5.1.1. Transmitter 5.1.2. Serializer 5.1.3. Transmitter Buffer 5.1.4. Receiver 5.1.5. Receiver Buffer 5.1.6. Clock Data Recovery (CDR) Unit 5.1.7. Deserializer 5.1.8. Loopback
5.1.3. Transmitter Buffer x
5.1.3.1. High Speed Differential I/O 5.1.3.2. Programmable Output Differential Voltage 5.1.3.3. Programmable Pre-Emphasis 5.1.3.4. Power Distribution Network (PDN) induced Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI) compensation 5.1.3.5. Programmable Transmitter On-Chip Termination (OCT)
5.1.5. Receiver Buffer x
5.1.5.1. Programmable Common Mode Voltage (VCM) 5.1.5.2. Programmable Differential On-Chip Termination (OCT) 5.1.5.3. Signal Detector 5.1.5.4. Continuous Time Linear Equalization (CTLE) 5.1.5.5. Variable Gain Amplifier (VGA) 5.1.5.6. Decision Feedback Equalization (DFE) 5.1.5.7. How to Enable CTLE and DFE
5.1.6. Clock Data Recovery (CDR) Unit x
5.1.6.1. Lock-to-Reference Mode 5.1.6.2. Lock-to-Data Mode 5.1.6.3. CDR Lock Modes
5.2. Arria 10 Enhanced PCS Architecture x
5.2.1. Transmitter Datapath 5.2.2. Receiver Datapath
5.2.1. Transmitter Datapath x
5.2.1.1. Enhanced PCS TX FIFO 5.2.1.2. Interlaken Frame Generator 5.2.1.3. Interlaken CRC-32 Generator 5.2.1.4. 64B/66B Encoder and Transmitter State Machine (TX SM) 5.2.1.5. Pattern Generators 5.2.1.6. Scrambler 5.2.1.7. Interlaken Disparity Generator 5.2.1.8. TX Gearbox, TX Bitslip and Polarity Inversion 5.2.1.9. KR FEC Blocks
5.2.1.1. Enhanced PCS TX FIFO x
5.2.1.1.1. Phase Compensation Mode 5.2.1.1.2. Register Mode 5.2.1.1.3. Interlaken Mode 5.2.1.1.4. Basic Mode
5.2.1.5. Pattern Generators x
5.2.1.5.1. PRBS Pattern Generator (Shared between Enhanced PCS and Standard PCS) 5.2.1.5.2. Pseudo-Random Pattern Generator
5.2.2. Receiver Datapath x
5.2.2.1. RX Gearbox, RX Bitslip, and Polarity Inversion 5.2.2.2. Block Synchronizer 5.2.2.3. Interlaken Disparity Checker 5.2.2.4. Descrambler 5.2.2.5. Interlaken Frame Synchronizer 5.2.2.6. 64B/66B Decoder and Receiver State Machine (RX SM) 5.2.2.7. Pseudo Random Pattern Verifier 5.2.2.8. 10GBASE-R Bit-Error Rate (BER) Checker 5.2.2.9. Interlaken CRC-32 Checker 5.2.2.10. Enhanced PCS RX FIFO 5.2.2.11. RX KR FEC Blocks
5.2.2.6. 64B/66B Decoder and Receiver State Machine (RX SM) x
5.2.2.6.1. PRBS Checker
5.2.2.10. Enhanced PCS RX FIFO x
5.2.2.10.1. Phase Compensation Mode 5.2.2.10.2. Register Mode 5.2.2.10.3. Interlaken Mode 5.2.2.10.4. 10GBASE-R Mode 5.2.2.10.5. Basic Mode
5.3. Arria® 10 Standard PCS Architecture x
5.3.1. Transmitter Datapath 5.3.2. Receiver Datapath
5.3.1. Transmitter Datapath x
5.3.1.1. TX FIFO (Shared with Enhanced PCS and PCIe* Gen3 PCS) 5.3.1.2. Byte Serializer 5.3.1.3. 8B/10B Encoder 5.3.1.4. Polarity Inversion Feature 5.3.1.5. Pseudo-Random Binary Sequence (PRBS) Generator 5.3.1.6. TX Bit Slip
5.3.1.1. TX FIFO (Shared with Enhanced PCS and PCIe* Gen3 PCS) x
5.3.1.1.1. TX FIFO Low Latency Mode 5.3.1.1.2. TX FIFO Register Mode 5.3.1.1.3. TX FIFO Fast Register Mode
5.3.1.2. Byte Serializer x
5.3.1.2.1. Bonded Byte Serializer 5.3.1.2.2. Byte Serializer Disabled Mode 5.3.1.2.3. Byte Serializer Serialize x2 Mode 5.3.1.2.4. Byte Serializer Serialize x4 Mode
5.3.1.3. 8B/10B Encoder x
5.3.1.3.1. 8B/10B Encoder Control Code Encoding 5.3.1.3.2. 8B/10B Encoder Reset Condition 5.3.1.3.3. 8B/10B Encoder Idle Character Replacement Feature 5.3.1.3.4. 8B/10B Encoder Current Running Disparity Control Feature 5.3.1.3.5. 8B/10B Encoder Bit Reversal Feature 5.3.1.3.6. 8B/10B Encoder Byte Reversal Feature
5.3.2. Receiver Datapath x
5.3.2.1. Word Aligner 5.3.2.2. RX Polarity Inversion Feature 5.3.2.3. Rate Match FIFO 5.3.2.4. 8B/10B Decoder 5.3.2.5. Pseudo-Random Binary Sequence (PRBS) Checker 5.3.2.6. Byte Deserializer 5.3.2.7. RX FIFO (Shared with Enhanced PCS and PCIe* Gen3 PCS)
5.3.2.1. Word Aligner x
5.3.2.1.1. Word Aligner Bit Slip Mode 5.3.2.1.2. Word Aligner Manual Mode 5.3.2.1.3. Word Aligner Synchronous State Machine Mode 5.3.2.1.4. Word Aligner Deterministic Latency Mode 5.3.2.1.5. Word Aligner Pattern Length for Various Word Aligner Modes 5.3.2.1.6. Word Aligner RX Bit Reversal Feature 5.3.2.1.7. Word Aligner RX Byte Reversal Feature
5.3.2.4. 8B/10B Decoder x
5.3.2.4.1. 8B/10B Decoder Control Code Encoding 5.3.2.4.2. 8B/10B Decoder Running Disparity Checker Feature
5.3.2.6. Byte Deserializer x
5.3.2.6.1. Byte Deserializer Disabled Mode 5.3.2.6.2. Byte Deserializer Deserialize x2 Mode 5.3.2.6.3. Byte Deserializer Deserialize x4 Mode 5.3.2.6.4. Bonded Byte Deserializer
5.3.2.7. RX FIFO (Shared with Enhanced PCS and PCIe* Gen3 PCS) x
5.3.2.7.1. RX FIFO Low Latency Mode 5.3.2.7.2. RX FIFO Register Mode
5.4. Arria 10 PCI Express* Gen3 PCS Architecture x
5.4.1. Transmitter Datapath 5.4.2. Receiver Datapath 5.4.3. PIPE Interface
5.4.1. Transmitter Datapath x
5.4.1.1. TX FIFO (Shared with Standard and Enhanced PCS) 5.4.1.2. Gearbox
5.4.2. Receiver Datapath x
5.4.2.1. Block Synchronizer 5.4.2.2. Rate Match FIFO 5.4.2.3. RX FIFO (Shared with Standard and Enhanced PCS)
5.4.3. PIPE Interface x
5.4.3.1. Auto Speed Negotiation 5.4.3.2. Clock Data Recovery Control
6. Reconfiguration Interface and Dynamic Reconfiguration x
6.1. Reconfiguring Channel and PLL Blocks 6.2. Interacting with the Reconfiguration Interface 6.3. Configuration Files 6.4. Multiple Reconfiguration Profiles 6.5. Embedded Reconfiguration Streamer 6.6. Arbitration 6.7. Recommendations for Dynamic Reconfiguration 6.8. Steps to Perform Dynamic Reconfiguration 6.9. Direct Reconfiguration Flow 6.10. Native PHY IP or PLL IP Core Guided Reconfiguration Flow 6.11. Reconfiguration Flow for Special Cases 6.12. Changing PMA Analog Parameters 6.13. Ports and Parameters 6.14. Dynamic Reconfiguration Interface Merging Across Multiple IP Blocks 6.15. Embedded Debug Features 6.16. Using Data Pattern Generators and Checkers 6.17. Timing Closure Recommendations 6.18. Unsupported Features 6.19. Arria® 10 Transceiver Register Map 6.20. Reconfiguration Interface and Dynamic Revision History
6.2. Interacting with the Reconfiguration Interface x
6.2.1. Reading from the Reconfiguration Interface 6.2.2. Writing to the Reconfiguration Interface
6.11. Reconfiguration Flow for Special Cases x
6.11.1. Switching Transmitter PLL 6.11.2. Switching Reference Clocks
6.11.2. Switching Reference Clocks x
6.11.2.1. ATX Reference Clock Switching 6.11.2.2. fPLL Reference Clock Switching 6.11.2.3. CDR and CMU Reference Clock Switching
6.12. Changing PMA Analog Parameters x
6.12.1. Changing VOD, Pre-emphasis Using Direct Reconfiguration Flow 6.12.2. Changing CTLE Settings in Manual Mode Using Direct Reconfiguration Flow 6.12.3. CTLE Settings in Triggered Adaptation Mode 6.12.4. Enabling and Disabling Loopback Modes Using Direct Reconfiguration Flow
6.15. Embedded Debug Features x
6.15.1. Native PHY Debug Master Endpoint 6.15.2. Optional Reconfiguration Logic
6.15.2. Optional Reconfiguration Logic x
6.15.2.1. Capability Registers 6.15.2.2. Control and Status Registers 6.15.2.3. PRBS Soft Accumulators
6.16. Using Data Pattern Generators and Checkers x
6.16.1. Using PRBS Data Pattern Generator and Checker 6.16.2. Using Pseudo Random Pattern Mode
6.16.1. Using PRBS Data Pattern Generator and Checker x
6.16.1.1. Enabling the PRBS Data Generator in non bonded designs 6.16.1.2. Enabling the PRBS Data Generator in bonded designs 6.16.1.3. Enabling the PRBS Data Checker in non bonded design 6.16.1.4. Enabling the PRBS Checker in bonded designs 6.16.1.5. Disabling/Enabling PRBS Pattern Inversion
6.16.1.1. Enabling the PRBS Data Generator in non bonded designs x
6.16.1.1.1. Examples of Enabling the PRBS9 and PRBS31 Pattern Generators in non bonded designs
6.16.1.2. Enabling the PRBS Data Generator in bonded designs x
6.16.1.2.1. Examples of Enabling the PRBS9 and PRBS31 Pattern Generators in bonded designs
6.16.1.3. Enabling the PRBS Data Checker in non bonded design x
6.16.1.3.1. Examples of Enabling the PRBS Data Checker
6.16.2. Using Pseudo Random Pattern Mode x
6.16.2.1. Enabling Pseudo Random Pattern Mode
7. Calibration x
7.1. Reconfiguration Interface and Arbitration with PreSICE Calibration Engine 7.2. Calibration Registers 7.3. Power-up Calibration 7.4. User Recalibration 7.5. Calibration Example 7.6. Calibration Revision History
7.2. Calibration Registers x
7.2.1. Avalon® Memory-Mapped Interface Arbitration Registers 7.2.2. Transceiver Channel Calibration Registers 7.2.3. Fractional PLL Calibration Registers 7.2.4. ATX PLL Calibration Registers 7.2.5. Capability Registers 7.2.6. Rate Switch Flag Register
7.4. User Recalibration x
7.4.1. Recalibration After Transceiver Reference Clock Frequency or Data Rate Change
7.4.1. Recalibration After Transceiver Reference Clock Frequency or Data Rate Change x
7.4.1.1. User Recalibration
7.5. Calibration Example x
7.5.1. ATX PLL Recalibration 7.5.2. Fractional PLL Recalibration 7.5.3. CDR/CMU PLL Recalibration 7.5.4. PMA Recalibration
8. Analog Parameter Settings x
8.1. Making Analog Parameter Settings using the Assignment Editor 8.2. Updating Quartus Settings File with the Known Assignment 8.3. Analog Parameter Settings List 8.4. Receiver General Analog Settings 8.5. Receiver Analog Equalization Settings 8.6. Transmitter General Analog Settings 8.7. Transmitter Pre-Emphasis Analog Settings 8.8. Transmitter VOD Settings 8.9. Dedicated Reference Clock Settings 8.10. Unused Transceiver RX Channels Settings 8.11. Analog Parameter Settings Revision History
8.4. Receiver General Analog Settings x
8.4.1. XCVR_A10_RX_LINK 8.4.2. XCVR_A10_RX_TERM_SEL 8.4.3. XCVR_VCCR_VCCT_VOLTAGE - RX
8.5. Receiver Analog Equalization Settings x
8.5.1. CTLE Settings 8.5.2. VGA Settings 8.5.3. Decision Feedback Equalizer (DFE) Settings
8.5.1. CTLE Settings x
8.5.1.1. XCVR_A10_RX_ONE_STAGE_ENABLE 8.5.1.2. XCVR_A10_RX_EQ_DC_GAIN_TRIM 8.5.1.3. XCVR_A10_RX_ADP_CTLE_ACGAIN_4S 8.5.1.4. XCVR_A10_RX_ADP_CTLE_EQZ_1S_SEL
8.5.2. VGA Settings x
8.5.2.1. XCVR_A10_RX_ADP_VGA_SEL
8.5.3. Decision Feedback Equalizer (DFE) Settings x
8.5.3.1. XCVR_A10_RX_ADP_DFE_FXTAP
8.6. Transmitter General Analog Settings x
8.6.1. XCVR_A10_TX_LINK 8.6.2. XCVR_A10_TX_TERM_SEL 8.6.3. XCVR_A10_TX_COMPENSATION_EN 8.6.4. XCVR_VCCR_VCCT_VOLTAGE - TX 8.6.5. XCVR_A10_TX_SLEW_RATE_CTRL
8.7. Transmitter Pre-Emphasis Analog Settings x
8.7.1. XCVR_A10_TX_PRE_EMP_SIGN_PRE_TAP_1T 8.7.2. XCVR_A10_TX_PRE_EMP_SIGN_PRE_TAP_2T 8.7.3. XCVR_A10_TX_PRE_EMP_SIGN_1ST_POST_TAP 8.7.4. XCVR_A10_TX_PRE_EMP_SIGN_2ND_POST_TAP 8.7.5. XCVR_A10_TX_PRE_EMP_SWITCHING_CTRL_PRE_TAP_1T 8.7.6. XCVR_A10_TX_PRE_EMP_SWITCHING_CTRL_PRE_TAP_2T 8.7.7. XCVR_A10_TX_PRE_EMP_SWITCHING_CTRL_1ST_POST_TAP 8.7.8. XCVR_A10_TX_PRE_EMP_SWITCHING_CTRL_2ND_POST_TAP
8.8. Transmitter VOD Settings x
8.8.1. XCVR_A10_TX_VOD_OUTPUT_SWING_CTRL
8.9. Dedicated Reference Clock Settings x
8.9.1. XCVR_A10_REFCLK_TERM_TRISTATE 8.9.2. XCVR_A10_TX_XTX_PATH_ANALOG_MODE
9. Debugging Transceiver Toolkit x
9.1. Transceiver Toolkit GUI 9.2. Transceiver Debugging Flow Walkthrough 9.3. Linking Hardware Resource for Multiple FPGAs 9.4. Troubleshooting Common Errors 9.5. Debugging Transceiver Toolkit Revision History
9.1. Transceiver Toolkit GUI x
9.1.1. Main View Functions
9.2. Transceiver Debugging Flow Walkthrough x
9.2.1. Enabling Transceiver Toolkit Support 9.2.2. Programming Design into an Intel® FPGA 9.2.3. Loading Design to the Transceiver Toolkit 9.2.4. Creating Transceiver Links 9.2.5. Running Link Test
9.2.4. Creating Transceiver Links x
9.2.4.1. Transceiver Toolkit Parameter Settings 9.2.4.2. Verifying Hardware Connections
9.2.5. Running Link Test x
9.2.5.1. Running BER Tests 9.2.5.2. Link Optimization Tests
9.3. Linking Hardware Resource for Multiple FPGAs x
9.3.1. Linking One Design to One Device 9.3.2. Linking Two Designs to Two Devices 9.3.3. Linking One Design on Two Devices 9.3.4. Linking Designs and Devices on Separate Boards
1. Arria® 10 Transceiver PHY Overview
2. Implementing Protocols in Arria 10 Transceivers
3. PLLs and Clock Networks
4. Resetting Transceiver Channels
5. Arria 10 Transceiver PHY Architecture
6. Reconfiguration Interface and Dynamic Reconfiguration
7. Calibration
8. Analog Parameter Settings
9. Debugging Transceiver Toolkit

6.16.1. Using PRBS Data Pattern Generator and Checker

Use the Arria® 10 PRBS generator and checker to simulate traffic and easily characterize high-speed links without fully implementing any upper protocol stack layer. The PRBS generator generates a self-aligning pattern and covers a known number of unique sequences. Because the PRBS pattern is generated by a Linear Feedback Shift Register (LFSR), the next pattern can be determined from the previous pattern. When the PRBS checker receives a portion of the received pattern, it can generate the next sequence of bits to verify whether the next data sequence received is correct.

The PRBS generator and checker are shared between the Standard and Enhanced datapaths through the PCS. Therefore, they have only one set of control signals and registers. The data lines from the various PCSs and shared PRBS generator are MUXed before they are sent to the PMA. When the PRBS generator is enabled, the data on the PRBS data lines is selected to be sent to the PMA. Either the data from the PCS or the data generated from the PRBS generator can be sent to the PMA at any time.

The PRBS generator and checker can be configured for two widths of the PCS-PMA interface: 10 bits and 64 bits. PRBS9 is available in both 10-bit and 64-bit PCS-PMA widths. All other PRBS patterns are available in 64-bit PCS-PMA width only. The PRBS generator and checker patterns can only be used when the PCS-PMA interface width is configured to 10 bits or 64 bits. For any other PCS-PMA width, to ensure the correct clocks are provided to the PRBS blocks you must first reconfigure the width to either 10 or 64 bits before using the PRBS generator and checker. For example, when the transceiver is configured to a 20-bit PCS/PMA interface, you must first reconfigure the PCS-PMA width to 10 bits before setting up the PRBS generator and checker. The PRBS setup does not automatically change the PCS/PMA width.

The 10-bit PCS-PMA width for PRBS9 is available for lower frequency testing. You can configure PRBS9 in either 10-bit or 64-bit width, based on the data rate. The FPGA fabric-PCS interface must run in the recommended speed range of the FPGA core. Therefore, you must configure PRBS9 in one of the two bit width modes, so that the FPGA fabric-PCS interface parallel clock runs in this operating range.

Examples:

  • If you want to use PRBS9 and the data rate is 2.5 Gbps, you can use the PRBS9 in 10-bit mode (PCS-PMA width = 10). In this case, the parallel clock frequency = Data rate / PCS-PMA width = 2500 Mbps/10 = 250 MHz.
  • If you want to use PRBS9 and the data rate is 6.4 Gbps, you can use the PRBS9 in 64-bit mode (PCS-PMA width = 64). In this case, the parallel clock frequency = Data rate / PCS-PMA width = 6400 Mbps/64 = 100 MHz.
  • If you want to use PRBS9 and the data rate is 12.5 Gbps, you can use the PRBS9 in 64 bit mode (PCS-PMA width = 64). In this case, the parallel clock frequency = Data rate / PCS-PMA width = 12500 Mbps/64 = 195.3125 MHz.
Table 291.   PRBS Supported Polynomials and Data WidthsUse the 10-bit mode of PRBS9 when the data rate is lower than 3 Gbps.
Pattern Polynomial 64-Bit 10-Bit
PRBS7 G(x) = 1+ x6 + x7 X  
PRBS9 G(x) = 1+ x5 + x9 X X
PRBS15 G(x) = 1+ x14 + x15 X
PRBS23 G(x) = 1+ x18 + x23 X
PRBS31 G(x) = 1+ x28 + x31 X

The PRBS checker has the following control and status signals available to the FPGA fabric:

  • rx_prbs_done—Indicates the PRBS sequence has completed one full cycle. It stays high until you reset it with rx_prbs_err_clr.
  • rx_prbs_err—Goes high if an error occurs. This signal is pulse-extended to allow you to capture it in the RX FPGA CLK domain.
  • rx_prbs_err_clr—Used to reset the rx_prbs_err signal.

Enable the PRBS checker control and status ports through the Native PHY IP Parameter Editor in the Quartus Prime software.

Use the PRBS soft accumulators to count the number of accumulated bits and errors when the hard PRBS blocks are used. For more information about using the accumulators and reading the error values, refer to the PRBS Soft Accumulators section.

Table 292.   Register Map for PRBS Generators for bonded and non bonded designs
Reconfiguration Address (HEX) Reconfiguration Bit Attribute Name Related Addresses Attribute Encoding Bit Encoding Description
0x006 [2:0] tx_pma_data_sel 0x8 prbs_pat 3'b100 Select PRBS Generator Block
[3] prbs9_dwidth prbs9_10b 1'b1 Enable PRBS9 in 10-bit mode
prbs9_64b 1'b0 Enable PRBS9 in 64-bit mode
[6] prbs_clken prbs_clk_dis 1'b0 Disable PRBS generator clock
prbs_clk_en 1'b1 Enable PRBS generator clock
0x007 [7:4] prbs_gen_pat 0x8 prbs_7 4'b0001 Enable PRBS7 pattern
prbs_9 4'b0010 Enable PRBS9 pattern
prbs_15 4'b0100 Enable PRBS15 pattern
prbs_23 4'b1000 Enable PRBS23 pattern
prbs_31 4'b0000 Enable PRBS31 pattern
0x008 [4] prbs_gen_pat 0x7 prbs_7 1'b0 Enable PRBS7 pattern
prbs_9 1'b0 Enable PRBS9 pattern
prbs_15 1'b0 Enable PRBS15 pattern
prbs_23 1'b0 Enable PRBS23 pattern
prbs_31 1'b1 Enable PRBS31 pattern
[6:5] tx_pma_data_sel 0x6 prbs_pat 2'b00 Enable PRBS generator
0x110 [2:0] ser_mode sixty_four_bit 3'b011 64-bit mode
ten_bit 3'b100 10-bit mode
0x111 [4:0] x1_clock_source_sel 0x119 xn_non_bonding62 5'b11000 Enables xn non bonding
Table 293.  Register Map for PRBS Checker for bonded and non bonded designs
Reconfiguration Address (HEX) Reconfiguration Bit Attribute Name Related Addresses Attribute Encoding Bit Encoding Description
0x00A [7] prbs_clken   prbs_clk_dis 1'b0 Disable PRBS checker clock
prbs_clk_en 1'b1 Enable PRBS checker clock
0x00B [3:2] rx_prbs_mask prbsmask1024 2'b11 Counter threshold to 1023
prbsmask128 2'b00 Counter threshold to 127
prbsmask256 2'b01 Counter threshold to 255
prbsmask512 2'b10 Counter threshold to 511
[7:4] prbs_ver 0xC prbs_7 4'b0001 Enable PRBS7 pattern
prbs_9 4'b0010 Enable PRBS9 pattern
prbs_15 4'b0100 Enable PRBS15 pattern
prbs_23 4'b1000 Enable PRBS23 pattern
prbs_31 4'b0000 Enable PRBS31 pattern
0x00C [0] prbs_ver 0xB prbs_7 1'b0 Enable PRBS7 pattern
prbs_9 1'b0 Enable PRBS9 pattern
prbs_15 1'b0 Enable PRBS15 pattern
prbs_23 1'b0 Enable PRBS23 pattern
prbs_31 1'b1 Enable PRBS31 pattern
[3] prbs9_dwidth   prbs9_10b 1'b1 PRBS9 10-bit
prbs9_64b 1'b0 PRBS9 64-bit
0x13F [3:0] deser_factor   10 4'b0001 10-bit mode
64 4'b1110 64-bit mode

Section Content
Enabling the PRBS Data Generator in non bonded designs
Enabling the PRBS Data Generator in bonded designs
Enabling the PRBS Data Checker in non bonded design
Enabling the PRBS Checker in bonded designs
Disabling/Enabling PRBS Pattern Inversion

Related Information
62 You must read and save the value in the register 0x111[5:0] before changing the x1_clcok_source_sel setting to xN non bonding. To disable the PRBS generator, write the original values back into the read-modify-write address.
Level Two Title