Intel® High Level Synthesis Compiler Pro Edition: Reference Manual

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Document Table of Contents
Document Table of Contents x
1. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Reference Manual 2. Compiler 3. C Language and Library Support 4. Component Interfaces 5. Component Memories (Memory Attributes) 6. Loops in Components 7. Component Concurrency 8. Arbitrary Precision Math Support 9. Component Target Frequency 10. Systems of Tasks 11. Libraries 12. Advanced Hardware Synthesis Controls 13. Intel® High Level Synthesis Compiler Pro Edition Reference Summary A. Advanced Math Source Code Libraries B. Supported Math Functions C. Cyclone® V Restrictions D. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Reference Manual Archives E. Document Revision History of the Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Reference Manual
2. Compiler x
2.1. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Command Options 2.2. Using Libraries in Your Component 2.3. Compiler Interoperability 2.4. Intel® HLS Compiler Hardware Model
2.3. Compiler Interoperability x
2.3.1. Compiling Your Testbench and Component Separately
3. C Language and Library Support x
3.1. Supported C and C++ Subset for Component Synthesis 3.2. C and C++ Libraries 3.3. Templated and Overloaded Functions 3.4. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Compiler-Defined Preprocessor Macros
3.3. Templated and Overloaded Functions x
3.3.1. Templated Functions 3.3.2. Overloaded Functions 3.3.3. Function Name Mapping
4. Component Interfaces x
4.1. Component Invocation Interface 4.2. Avalon® Streaming Interfaces 4.3. Pipes 4.4. Avalon® Memory-Mapped Host Interfaces 4.5. Agent Interfaces 4.6. Stable Component Parameters 4.7. Global Variables 4.8. Structs in Component Interfaces 4.9. Reset Behavior
4.1. Component Invocation Interface x
4.1.1. Scalar Parameters 4.1.2. Pointer and Reference Parameters 4.1.3. Interface Definition Example: Component Invocation Interface Control Attributes 4.1.4. Interface Definition Example: Component with Both Scalar and Pointer Arguments
4.3. Pipes x
4.3.1. The pipe Class and Its Use
4.4. Avalon® Memory-Mapped Host Interfaces x
4.4.1. Memory-Mapped Host Testbench Constructor 4.4.2. Implicit and Explicit Examples of Describing a Memory Interface 4.4.3. Avalon® Memory-Mapped Host Interfaces and Load-Store Units
4.4.3. Avalon® Memory-Mapped Host Interfaces and Load-Store Units x
4.4.3.1. Load-Store Unit Types 4.4.3.2. Memory-Access Coalescing and Load-Store Units
4.5. Agent Interfaces x
4.5.1. Control and Status Register (CSR) Agent 4.5.2. Agent Memories
5. Component Memories (Memory Attributes) x
5.1. Static Variables
6. Loops in Components x
6.1. Loop Initiation Interval (ii Pragma) 6.2. Loop-Carried Dependencies (ivdep Pragma) 6.3. Loop Coalescing (loop_coalesce Pragma) 6.4. Loop Unrolling (unroll Pragma) 6.5. Loop Concurrency (max_concurrency Pragma) 6.6. Loop Iteration Speculation (speculated_iterations Pragma) 6.7. Loop Pipelining Control (disable_loop_pipelining Pragma) 6.8. Loop Interleaving Control (max_interleaving Pragma) 6.9. Loop Fusion
6.9. Loop Fusion x
6.9.1. Loop Fusion Control (loop_fuse Pragma) 6.9.2. Loop Fusion Exemption (nofusion pragma)
7. Component Concurrency x
7.1. Serial Equivalence within a Memory Space or I/O 7.2. Concurrency Control (hls_max_concurrency Attribute) 7.3. Component Pipelining Control (hls_disable_component_pipelining Attribute)
8. Arbitrary Precision Math Support x
8.1. Declaring ac_int Data Types 8.2. Declaring ac_fixed Data Types 8.3. Declaring ac_complex Data Types 8.4. AC Data Types and Native Compilers 8.5. Declaring hls_float Data Types
8.1. Declaring ac_int Data Types x
8.1.1. Important Usage Information on the ac_int Data Type 8.1.2. Integer Promotion and ac_int Data Types 8.1.3. Debugging Your Use of the ac_int Data Type
8.2. Declaring ac_fixed Data Types x
8.2.1. Arbitrary Precision Fixed-Point Literals in Operations
8.5. Declaring hls_float Data Types x
8.5.1. Operators and Return Types Supported by the hls_float Data Type 8.5.2. Additional Data Types Provided By hls_float.h
9. Component Target Frequency x
9.1. Effects of Specifying Target II and Target fMAX
10. Systems of Tasks x
10.1. Task Functions 10.2. Internal Streams 10.3. System of Tasks Simulation
11. Libraries x
11.1. Static-Object Libraries 11.2. Creating a Static-Object Library 11.3. Creating Objects From HLS Code 11.4. Creating Objects From RTL Code 11.5. Packaging Object Files Into a Library
11.3. Creating Objects From HLS Code x
11.3.1. Creating an Object File From HLS Code 11.3.2. Supported OpenCL* Language Constructs
11.4. Creating Objects From RTL Code x
11.4.1. RTL Modules and the HLS Pipeline 11.4.2. Creating a Static-Object File from an RTL Module
11.4.1. RTL Modules and the HLS Pipeline x
11.4.1.1. Integration of an RTL Module into the HLS Pipeline 11.4.1.2. RTL Module Interfaces 11.4.1.3. RTL Reset and Clock Signals 11.4.1.4. Object Manifest File Syntax 11.4.1.5. Mapping HLS Data Types to RTL Signals 11.4.1.6. HLS Emulation Models for RTL-Based Functions 11.4.1.7. Potential Incompatibility between RTL Modules and Partial Reconfiguration 11.4.1.8. Stall-Free RTL 11.4.1.9. RTL Module Restrictions and Limitations for HLS Libraries
11.4.1.2. RTL Module Interfaces x
11.4.1.2.1. RTL Module Interface Signals
11.4.1.3. RTL Reset and Clock Signals x
11.4.1.3.1. Intel® Agilex™ and Intel® Stratix® 10 Design-Specific Reset Requirements for Stall-Free and Stallable RTL Modules
11.4.1.4. Object Manifest File Syntax x
11.4.1.4.1. XML Elements for ATTRIBUTES 11.4.1.4.2. XML Elements for INTERFACE 11.4.1.4.3. XML Elements for RESOURCES
11.4.1.4.1. XML Elements for ATTRIBUTES x
11.4.1.4.1.1. Interaction Between ALLOW_MERGINGand HAS_SIDE_EFFECTS Elements
12. Advanced Hardware Synthesis Controls x
12.1. Hardware Implementation Control for Math Functions 12.2. The hls_fpga_reg() Function
12.1. Hardware Implementation Control for Math Functions x
12.1.1. Math Function Hardware Implementation Summary 12.1.2. The --dsp-mode Command Option 12.1.3. The ihc::math_dsp_control Function
13. Intel® High Level Synthesis Compiler Pro Edition Reference Summary x
13.1. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition i++ Command-Line Arguments 13.2. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Header Files 13.3. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Compiler-Defined Preprocessor Macros 13.4. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Keywords 13.5. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Simulation API (Testbench Only) 13.6. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Component Memory Attributes 13.7. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Loop Pragmas 13.8. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Scope Pragmas 13.9. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Component Attributes 13.10. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Component Default Interfaces 13.11. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Component Invocation Interface Control Attributes 13.12. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Component Macros 13.13. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Systems of Tasks API 13.14. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Pipes API 13.15. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Streaming Input Interfaces 13.16. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Streaming Output Interfaces 13.17. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Memory-Mapped Interfaces 13.18. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Load-Store Unit Control 13.19. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Arbitrary Precision Data Types
13.13. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Systems of Tasks API x
13.13.1. ihc::stream Class
A. Advanced Math Source Code Libraries x
A.1. Random Number Generator Library A.2. Matrix Multiplication Library A.3. Cholesky Decomposition Library
B. Supported Math Functions x
B.1. Math Functions Provided by the math.h Header File B.2. Math Functions Provided by the extendedmath.h Header File B.3. Math Functions Provided by the ac_fixed_math.h Header File B.4. Math Functions Provided by the hls_float.h Header File B.5. Math Functions Provided by the hls_float_math.h Header File B.6. Default Rounding Schemes and Subnormal Number Support
1. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Reference Manual
2. Compiler
3. C Language and Library Support
4. Component Interfaces
5. Component Memories (Memory Attributes)
6. Loops in Components
7. Component Concurrency
8. Arbitrary Precision Math Support
9. Component Target Frequency
10. Systems of Tasks
11. Libraries
12. Advanced Hardware Synthesis Controls
13. Intel® High Level Synthesis Compiler Pro Edition Reference Summary
A. Advanced Math Source Code Libraries
B. Supported Math Functions
C. Cyclone® V Restrictions
D. Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Reference Manual Archives
E. Document Revision History of the Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Reference Manual

4.2. Avalon® Streaming Interfaces

A component can have input and output streams that conform to the Avalon Streaming (ST) interface specifications. These input and output streams are represented by passing references to ihc::stream_in<> and ihc::stream_out<> objects as function arguments to the component.

When you use an Avalon ST interface, you can serialize the data over several clock cycles. That is, one component invocation can read from a stream multiple times.

You cannot derive new classes from the stream classes or encapsulate them in other formats such as structs or arrays. However, you may use references to instances of these classes as references inside other classes, meaning that you can create a class that has a reference to a stream object as a data member.

A component can have multiple read sites for a stream. Similarly, a component can have multiple write sites for a stream. However, for best component performance try to restrict each input stream in your design to a single read site and each output stream to a single write site.

Note: Within the component, there is no guarantee on the order of execution of different streams unless a data dependency exists between streams.
For more information about streaming interfaces, refer to "Avalon Streaming Interfaces" in Avalon Interface Specifications.
Restriction: The Intel® HLS Compiler does not support the Avalon ST channel or error signals.

Streaming Input Interfaces

Table 8.   Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Streaming Input Interface Template Summary
Template Object or Parameter Description
ihc::stream_in Streaming input interface to the component.
ihc::buffer Specifies the capacity (in words) of the FIFO buffer on the input data that associates with the stream.
ihc::readyLatency Specifies the number of cycles between when the ready signal is deasserted and when the input stream can no longer accept new inputs.
ihc::bitsPerSymbol Describes how the data is broken into symbols on the data bus.
ihc::firstSymbolInHighOrderBits Specifies whether the data symbols in the stream are in big endian order.
ihc::usesPackets Exposes the startofpacket and endofpacket sideband signals on the stream interface.
ihc::usesEmpty

Exposes the empty out-of-band signal on the stream interface.

ihc::usesValid Controls whether a valid signal is present on the stream interface.
Table 9.   Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Streaming Input Interface stream_in Function APIs
Function API Description
T read() Blocking read call to be used from within the component
T read(bool& sop, bool& eop)

Available only if usesPackets<true> is set.

Blocking read with out-of-band startofpacket and endofpacket signals.
T read(bool& sop, bool& eop, int& empty) Available only if usesPackets<true> and usesEmpty<true> are set.

Blocking read with out-of-band startofpacket, endofpacket, and empty signals.

T tryRead(bool &success) Non-blocking read call to be used from within the component. The success bool is set to true if the read was valid. That is, the Avalon® -ST valid signal was high when the component tried to read from the stream.

The emulation model of tryRead() is not cycle-accurate, so the behavior of tryRead() might differ between emulation and simulation.

T tryRead(bool& success, bool& sop, bool& eop)

Available only if usesPackets<true> is set.

Non-blocking read with out-of-band startofpacket and endofpacket signals.
T tryRead(bool& success, bool& sop, bool& eop, int& empty) Available only if usesPackets<true> and usesEmpty<true> are set.

Non-blocking read with out-of-band startofpacket, endofpacket, and emptysignals.

void write(T data) Blocking write call to be used from the testbench to populate the FIFO to be sent to the component.
void write(T data, bool sop, bool eop)

Available only if usesPackets<true> is set.

Blocking write call with out-of-band startofpacket and endofpacket signals.
void write(T data, bool sop, bool eop, int empty) Available only if usesPackets<true> and usesEmpty<true> are set.

Blocking write call with out-of-band startofpacket, endofpacket, and empty signals.

Streaming Output Interfaces

Table 10.   Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Streaming Output Interface Template Summary
Template Object or Parameter Description
ihc::stream_out Streaming output interface from the component.
ihc::readylatency Specifies the number of cycles between when the ready signal is deasserted and when the input stream can no longer accept new inputs.
ihc::bitsPerSymbol Describes how the data is broken into symbols on the data bus.
ihc::firstSymbolInHighOrderBits Specifies whether the data symbols in the stream are in big endian order.
ihc::usesPackets Exposes the startofpacket and endofpacket sideband signals on the stream interface.
ihc::usesEmpty

Exposes the empty out-of-band signal on the stream interface.

ihc::usesReady Controls whether a ready signal is present.
Table 11.   Intel® HLS Compiler Pro Edition Streaming Output Interface stream_out Function APIs
Function API Description
void write(T data) Blocking write call from the component
void write(T data, bool sop, bool eop)

Available only if usesPackets<true> is set.

Blocking write with out-of-band startofpacket and endofpacket signals.
void write(T data, bool sop, bool eop, int empty) Available only if usesPackets<true> and usesEmpty<true> are set.

Blocking write with out-of-band startofpacket, endofpacket, and empty signals.

bool tryWrite(T data) Non-blocking write call from the component. The return value represents whether the write was successful.
bool tryWrite(T data, bool sop, bool eop)

Available only if usesPackets<true> is set.

Non-blocking write with out-of-band startofpacket and endofpacket signals.

The return value represents whether the write was successful. That is, the downstream interface was pulling the ready signal high while the HLS component tried to write to the stream.

bool tryWrite(T data, bool sop, bool eop, int empty) Available only if usesPackets<true> and usesEmpty<true> are set.

Non-blocking write with out-of-band startofpacket, endofpacket, and empty signals. The return value represents whether the write was successful.

T read() Blocking read call to be used from the testbench to read back the data from the component
T read(bool &sop, bool &eop)

Available only if usesPackets<true> is set.

Blocking read call to be used from the testbench to read back the data from the component with out-of-band startofpacket and endofpacket signals.
T read(bool &sop, bool &eop, int &empty) Available only if usesPackets<true> and usesEmpty<true> are set.

Blocking read call to be used from the testbench to read back the data from the component with out-of-band startofpacket, endofpacket, and empty signals.

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