Intel® oneAPI Math Kernel Library Cookbook

ID 758503
Date 3/31/2023
Public

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Factoring block tridiagonal symmetric positive definite matrices

Goal

Perform Cholesky factorization of a symmetric positive definite block tridiagonal matrix.

Solution

To perform Cholesky factorization of a symmetric positive definite block tridiagonal matrix, with N square blocks of size NB by NB:

  1. Perform Cholesky factorization of the first diagonal block.

  2. Repeat N - 1 times moving down along the diagonal:

    1. Compute the off-diagonal block of the triangular factor.

    2. Update the diagonal block with newly computed off-diagonal block.

    3. Perform Cholesky factorization of a diagonal block.

Source code: see the BlockTDS_SPD/source/dpbltrf.f file in the samples archive available at https://software.intel.com/content/dam/develop/external/us/en/documents/mkl-cookbook-samples-120115.zip.

Cholesky factorization of a symmetric positive definite block tridiagonal matrix

      …
      CALL DPOTRF('L', NB, D, LDD, INFO)
      …      
      DO K=1,N-1
          CALL DTRSM('R', 'L', 'T', 'N', NB, NB, 1D0, D(1,(K-1)*NB+1), LDD, B(1,(K-1)*NB+1), LDB)
          CALL DSYRK('L', 'N', NB, NB, -1D0, B(1,(K-1)*NB+1), LDB, 1D0, D(1,K*NB+1), LDD)
          CALL DPOTRF('L', NB, D(1,K*NB+1), LDD, INFO)
          …
      END DO

Routines Used

Task

Routine

Description

Perform Cholesky factorization of diagonal blocks

DPOTRF

Computes the Cholesky factorization of a symmetric (Hermitian) positive-definite matrix.

Compute off-diagonal blocks of the triangular factor

DTRSM

Solves a triangular matrix equation.

Update the diagonal blocks

DSYRK

Performs a symmetric rank-k update.

Discussion

A symmetric positive definite block tridiagonal matrix, with N diagonal blocks Di and N - 1 sub-diagonal blocks Bi of size NB by NB is factored as:


Multiplying the blocks of the matrices on the right gives:


Equating the elements of the original block tridiagonal matrix to the elements of the multiplied factors yields:


Solving for Ci and LiLiT:


Note that the right-hand sides of the equations for LiLiT is a Cholesky factorization. Therefore a routine chol() for performing Cholesky factorization can be applied to this problem using code such as:

L1=chol(D1) 
do i=1,N-1
     Ci=Bi∙Li-T //trsm()
     Di + 1:=Di + 1 - Ci∙CiT //syrk()
     Li + 1=chol(Di + 1) 
end do