SEU Mitigation User Guide: Agilex™ 5 FPGAs and SoCs

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ID 813649
Date 11/25/2024
Public
Document Table of Contents
Document Table of Contents x
1. Agilex™ 5 SEU Mitigation Overview 2. Agilex™ 5 CRAM Error Mitigation 3. Secure Device Manager ECC and SmartVID Errors Detection 4. Agilex™ 5 SEU Mitigation Implementation Guides 5. IP and Software References 6. Document Revision History for the SEU Mitigation User Guide: Agilex™ 5 FPGAs and SoCs
1. Agilex™ 5 SEU Mitigation Overview x
1.1. SEU Mitigation Techniques 1.2. Configuration RAM 1.3. Memory Blocks 1.4. Secure Device Manager ECC and SmartVID 1.5. Triple Modular Redundancy 1.6. Failure Rates
2. Agilex™ 5 CRAM Error Mitigation x
2.1. CRAM Error Detection and Correction 2.2. Error Message Queue 2.3. Scrubbing 2.4. SEU Sensitivity Processing 2.5. Design Hierarchy Sensitivity Classification 2.6. Evaluation of System Response to Upsets 2.7. Retrieving SEU Statistics using Mailbox Command
2.2. Error Message Queue x
2.2.1. SEU_ERROR Pin Behavior 2.2.2. Retrieving the Error Message Queue Contents Through Mailbox Command 2.2.3. Retrieving the Error Message Queue Content Using the HPS SDM Mailbox 2.2.4. Error Message Queue Bit Description
2.3. Scrubbing x
2.3.1. Internal Scrubbing 2.3.2. External Scrubbing
2.4. SEU Sensitivity Processing x
2.4.1. Advanced SEU Detection Intel® FPGA IP
2.4.1. Advanced SEU Detection Intel® FPGA IP x
2.4.1.1. Release Information for Advanced SEU Detection Intel® FPGA IP 2.4.1.2. On-Chip Lookup Sensitivity Processing 2.4.1.3. Off-Chip Lookup Sensitivity Processing 2.4.1.4. Sensitivity Map Header Lookup
2.5. Design Hierarchy Sensitivity Classification x
2.5.1. Hierarchy Tagging
2.6. Evaluation of System Response to Upsets x
2.6.1. Fault Injection Debugger
3. Secure Device Manager ECC and SmartVID Errors Detection x
3.1. SDM ECC Error Message Bits 3.2. SmartVID Error Message Bits 3.3. SDM ECC and SmartVID Errors Signals Behavior
4. Agilex™ 5 SEU Mitigation Implementation Guides x
4.1. Setting the SEU_ERROR Pin 4.2. Setting Up the SEU Mitigation Features 4.3. Performing External Scrubbing 4.4. Assigning Regions for Hierarchy Tagging 4.5. Sensitivity Map Header 4.6. Using the Fault Injection Debugger
4.5. Sensitivity Map Header x
4.5.1. Programming the .smh File into Memory 4.5.2. Looking up the Sensitivity Map Header
4.5.2. Looking up the Sensitivity Map Header x
4.5.2.1. Sensitivity Map Header Revision 4 File Format Reference
4.6. Using the Fault Injection Debugger x
4.6.1. Launching and Setting Up the Fault Injection Debugger 4.6.2. Configuring Your Device using a Software Object File (.sof) 4.6.3. Constraining Regions for Fault Injection 4.6.4. Injecting Errors to Predefined Safe Locations 4.6.5. Blowing Fuse Bit to Enable Injecting All Error Types 4.6.6. Injecting Errors to Random Locations 4.6.7. Injecting Errors to Specific Locations 4.6.8. Injecting Double Adjacent Errors 4.6.9. Injecting SDM ECC Errors
4.6.4. Injecting Errors to Predefined Safe Locations x
4.6.4.1. Listing the Predefined Safe Locations: Command-Line Interface 4.6.4.2. Injecting Errors to Predefined Safe Locations: Command-Line Interface 4.6.4.3. Injecting Errors to Predefined Safe Locations: GUI with Tcl Console 4.6.4.4. Injecting Error to Predefined Safe Locations: Mailbox Command
4.6.8. Injecting Double Adjacent Errors x
4.6.8.1. Injecting Double Adjacent Errors: Command-Line Interface 4.6.8.2. Injecting Double Adjacent Errors: GUI with Tcl Console
4.6.9. Injecting SDM ECC Errors x
4.6.9.1. Injecting SDM ECC Errors: Command-Line Interface 4.6.9.2. Injecting SDM ECC Errors: GUI with Tcl Console 4.6.9.3. Injecting SDM ECC Errors: Fault Injection Debugger 4.6.9.4. Injecting SDM ECC Errors: Mailbox Command
5. IP and Software References x
5.1. Advanced SEU Detection Intel® FPGA IP References 5.2. Fault Injection Debugger Software References
5.1. Advanced SEU Detection Intel® FPGA IP References x
5.1.1. Advanced SEU Detection Intel® FPGA IP Parameter Settings 5.1.2. Advanced SEU Detection Intel® FPGA IP Ports
5.2. Fault Injection Debugger Software References x
5.2.1. Fault Injection Debugger GUI Tool 5.2.2. Fault Injection Debugger Command-Line Interface
1. Agilex™ 5 SEU Mitigation Overview
2. Agilex™ 5 CRAM Error Mitigation
3. Secure Device Manager ECC and SmartVID Errors Detection
4. Agilex™ 5 SEU Mitigation Implementation Guides
5. IP and Software References
6. Document Revision History for the SEU Mitigation User Guide: Agilex™ 5 FPGAs and SoCs

5.2.2. Fault Injection Debugger Command-Line Interface

You can run the Fault Injection Debugger at the command line with the quartus_fid executable, which is useful if you want to perform fault injection from a script.
Table 19.   Fault Injection Debugger Command-Line Interface Arguments for Agilex™ 5 Devices
Long Argument Short Argument Description
list l Display all installed hardware.
cable c

To select the cable number.

Run ‘jtagconfig’ to check the cable number.

The figure below shows the cable number for Agilex™ 5 device is 2.

auto a For auto detect operation. You must select only one cable for this operation.
index i Option to specify the active device or devices to inject soft error.

Full syntax:

@<device_position>=<file_path>#<operation>

where:

  • device_position is the position of active device counting from nearest to TDI. You can check the device position in the Quartus® Prime Programmer. The diagram shows the device position for the Agilex™ 5 device is 2.
  • file_path is the active device's programming file
  • operation is the operation you want to perform6
    • P—Program/Configure
    • I—Inject fault

Command example:

quartus_fid --cable=1 --index=@2=abc.sof#P
number n

Option to specify the number of soft errors to inject. If you do not specify the number of errors, the Fault Injection Debugger executes the interactive mode. In the interactive mode, you can select to inject fault, read EMR, scrub errors, or quit.

Note: You can inject up to four soft errors.

Command examples:

  • To inject two errors: 
    quartus_fid --cable=1 --index=@2=abd.sof --number=2
  • To execute interactive mode: 
    quartus_fid --cable=1 --index=@2=abc.sof
  • To inject double adjacent errors in interactive mode:
    quartus_fid --cable=1 --index=@2=abc.sof
F <sector_location> <frame_location> <bit_location> + <frame_location> <bit_location>
smh s Option to specify the sensitivity map header file.

Full syntax:

@<device_position>=<file_path>#<region_info>

where:

  • device_position is the position of active device counting from nearest to TDI
  • file_path is the active device's .smh file
  • region_info is the intended .smh region information with the following format: <targeted_regions><allow non critical><allow overlapping>
    • targeted_regions = binary representation of the regions
      • Region 1 = 1
      • Region 2 = 2
      • Region 3 = 4
      • Region 4 = 8
      • Region 1 and 2 = 3 (from 1 + 2)
      • Region 1 and 3 = 5 (from 1 + 4)
    • allow non critical—N = allow injecting to non-critical bit
    • allow overlapping—O = allow injecting to bits with overlapping regions

    Examples:

    • To inject region 1 or 3 only: region_info = 5
    • To inject region 2 or non-critical bit, region_info = 4N
    • To inject any bit that has region 4 or non-critical bit, the region_info = 8NO

Command examples:

  • To inject one error in region 2:
    quartus_fid --cable=1 --index=@2=abc.sof --number=1 --smh=@2=abc.smh#2
  • To execute interactive mode in a specific region:
    quartus_fid --cable=1 --index=@2=abc.sof --smh=@2=abc.smh#2
user u Option to specify the user specific fault.

Full syntax:

@<device_position>=<sector-frame-bit-pair ?>#1 <sector-frame-bit-pair ?>#2 ... <sector-frame-bit?>#n

where:

  • device_position is the position of active device counting from nearest to TDI
  • sector-frame-bit-pair is the frame bit and sector location where the error is injected.7

Command example:

quartus_fid --cable=1 --index=@2=abc.sof --number=1 --user="@2=0x003c 0x000d 0x0269"
lutram — Option for LUTRAM checking during error injection activities.

Command example:

quartus_fid --cable=1 --index=@2=abc.sof --number=8 --lutram
time t

Option to specify the interval time between injections.

Example command:

quartus_fid --cable 2 --index=@1=abc.sof --time 10 --number 2
ecc e Option to specify ECC error injection.

Full syntax:

"@<device_position>=<sector_index> <RAM_ID>"

Command example:

quartus_fid -c 1 -i "@1=test.sof" -n 1 -e "@1=0x7 0x0"
ecc_list — Option to list the sector index and RAM ID values.
safe_user x Option to inject errors to predefined safe locations.

Full syntax:

"@<device_position>=<sector_index <error_type>"

where the error_type values are:

  • 1—single-bit error
  • 2—double-bit error
  • 3—uncorrectable error

Command example:

quartus_fid -c 1 -i "@1=test.sof" -n 1 -x "@1=0x6 1"
seu_list — Option to list the predefined safe locations CRAM bits.
Related Information
6 If you do not specify any operation, the default operation is "inject fault".
7 The maximum pair of frame-bit depends on argument n.
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